Cancer type | Lifetime risk to age 70 in carriers* | Lifetime risk to age 70 in general population¶ | Comments |
Breast (female) | BRCA1: 57 to 72% BRCA2: 45 to 69% | 9% | In most studies, lifetime risk in BRCA1 carriers is higher than that observed in BRCA2 carriers. The incidence of breast cancer diagnosed younger than 50 years of age is higher in BRCA1 carriers compared with BRCA2 carriers, but both groups have an increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer. |
Contralateral (opposite) breast (female) | Up to 63% at 25 years postdiagnosis but highly dependent on age at diagnosis of first breast cancer | 0.4% annual risk and 10% at 25 years postdiagnosis[1] | Risk is affected by other factors such as tamoxifen use and oophorectomy. Mutation carriers who have had lumpectomy have increased ipsilateral risks over long follow-up periods. |
Ovarian | BRCA1: 39 to 59% BRCA2: 11 to 20% | 1% | The incidence of ovarian cancer diagnosed younger than 50 years of age is higher in BRCA1 carriers and overall rare in all carriers younger than 40 years old. Risk of fallopian tube cancer is also substantially elevated. |
Prostate | BRCA1: Approximately 15 to 20% BRCA2: Approximately 13 to 30% | 6% White Americans 10% Black Americans | Risk appears to be higher in BRCA2 carriers and in males younger than 65 years old. |
Breast (male) | BRCA1: 0.2 to 1% BRCA2: 2 to 7% | 0.1% | Risk before age 50 is very low. |
Pancreatic | BRCA1: 1 to 3% BRCA2: 2 to 5% | 0.6% | |
Colon | Not well defined | 2% | Studies have not been consistent about whether risk is elevated. If elevated, risk is likely to be small. |
Melanoma | Not well defined | Approximately 2% White Americans 0.1% Black Americans | Increased risk for ocular melanoma in BRCA2 carriers. |
Other sites | Not well defined | Varied | These sites may include cancer of the stomach, gall bladder, and biliary tree in BRCA2 carriers, as well as uterine serous carcinoma in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. |
BRCA: breast cancer susceptibility genes; SEER: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.
* Risk to individuals over age 70 is higher, but data are generally unavailable.
¶ Lifetime risk at birth for all races unless otherwise specified.Data from: DevCan Version 6.7.9, April 2021, National Cancer Institute. Available at https://surveillance.cancer.gov/devcan/ (Accessed on April 29, 2022).
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