AVR: aortic valve replacement; DVI: Doppler velocity index (VelocityLVO/VelocityPrAV) is the dimensionless ratio of the proximal velocity in the LVO tract to that of flow velocity through the prosthetic valve; AT: acceleration time; PrAV: prosthetic aortic valve; LVOT: left ventricular outflow tract; EOA: effective orifice area; PPM: patient-prosthetic mismatch; PW: pulsed wave; CW: continuous wave; TEE: transesophageal echocardiography.
* PW Doppler sample too close to the valve (particularly when jet velocity by CW Doppler is ≥4 m/s).
¶ Stenosis further substantiated by EOA derivation compared with reference values if valve type and size are known. Fluoroscopy and TEE are helpful for further assessment, particularly in bileaflet valves.
Δ PW Doppler sample too far (apical) from the valve (particularly when jet velocity is 3 to 3.9 m/s).Do you want to add Medilib to your home screen?