Gastrointestinal losses | Diarrhea, malabsorption and steatorrhea, and small bowel bypass surgery |
Acute pancreatitis | |
Medications | |
PPIs | |
Genetic disorders | |
Intestinal hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia | |
Renal losses | Medications |
Diuretics (loop and thiazide) Antibiotics (aminoglycoside, amphotericin, pentamidine) Calcineurin inhibitors Cisplatin Antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (cetuximab, panitumumab, matuzumab) | |
Volume expansion | |
Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus | |
Alcoholism | |
Hypercalcemia | |
Acquired tubular dysfunction | |
Recovery from acute tubular necrosis Postobstructive diuresis Post-kidney transplantation | |
Genetic disorders | |
Bartter/Gitelman syndrome Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis Autosomal dominant isolated hypomagnesemia (Na-K-ATPase gamma subunit, Kv1.1 and cyclin M2 mutations) Autosomal recessive isolated hypomagnesemia (EGF mutation) Renal malformations and early-onset diabetes mellitus (HNF1-beta mutation) |
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