Pharmacologic agents |
Opioids |
Antihypertensive agents: Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (verapamil>diltiazem), clonidine |
Antineoplastic agents: Bortezomib, busulfan, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, thalidomide, vinblastine, vincristine |
Gastrointestinal agents: |
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Other: Oral iron preparations, zoledronic acid |
Drugs with significant anticholinergic properties, including: |
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A method for estimating additive anticholinergic effects of various drugs is provided in a separate table. This is not a complete list of all medications that can contribute to nonsurgical ileus. |
Medical conditions |
Pancreatitis |
Gastroenteritis |
Spinal cord injury |
Myocardial infarction |
Stroke |
Pneumonia |
Hypokalemia |
Diabetes (neuronal loss with progressive disease) |
Diabetic ketoacidosis |
Acute intermittent porphyria |
Botulism |
Severe burns |
Parkinson disease |
Epilepsy |
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