Patient's complaint | Physiological impairment |
Choking on fluids | Poor tongue control for oral manipulation Impaired laryngeal closure Delayed onset of pharyngeal swallow |
Protracted meal times | Weak chewing Diminished endurance |
Nasal regurgitation of fluids | Incompetent velopharyngeal mechanism |
Difficulty getting swallow started | Reduced oral and hypopharyngeal sensation |
Dry mouth | Reduced or impaired saliva production |
Solids caught in throat | Weak tongue-driving force Impaired laryngeal excursion fails to open upper esophageal segment |
Regurgitation or emesis after swallowing | Poor esophageal motility or esophageal obstruction |
Sour taste in mouth after eating | Gastroesophageal reflux |
Pain on swallowing | Esophagitis, mucositis, esophageal obstruction |
Excessive drooling | Reduced frequency or efficiency of swallowing |
Food sticking in thoracic or chest region | Poor esophageal motility or obstruction |
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