Consult a regional poison control center or clinician with expertise in treating bites caused by Middle Eastern snakes for medical therapy including indications for giving antivenom, specific antivenom to use, and dosing. | |||
Common name | Scientific name | Additional effects | Antivenom |
Snakes causing paralysis | |||
Arabian cobra | Naja arabica | Paralysis only | Polyvalent |
Central Asian cobra | Naja oxiana | Local¶ and tissue necrosis | Polyvalent |
Long-nosed viper | Vipera ammodytes | Local¶ | Monovalent and polyvalent |
Persian horned viper | Pseudocerastes persicus | Paralysis only | Polyvalent |
Vipers (Levant viper) | Vipera species and Macrovipera lebetina | Local¶, coagulopathy, hemorrhage, hypotension, and acute kidney injury | Monovalent and polyvalent |
Snakes causing local tissue damage¶ and systemic illness without paralysis | |||
Carpet and saw-scaled vipers | Echis species | Hemorrhage, coagulopathy, tissue necrosis, and acute kidney injury | Polyvalent |
Puff adder | Bitis arietans | Coagulopathy, hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, hypotension, and acute kidney injury | Polyvalent |
Palestinian viper | Daboia palaestinae | Tissue necrosis, coagulopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and hypotension | Monovalent and polyvalent |
* Antivenom name and manufacturer, comprehensive listings of venomous Middle Eastern snakes by geographical region, and more precise geographic distribution of specific snake species may be found at Toxinology snake search.
¶ Local effects include swelling, blistering, hemorrhagic skin changes, and bruising.Do you want to add Medilib to your home screen?