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Causes of neonatal polycythemia

Causes of neonatal polycythemia
Erythrocyte transfusion (passive)
Delayed clamping of the umbilical cord
Uncontrolled or precipitous delivery
Intrapartum hypoxia
Twin-twin transfusion (occurs in 10 to 15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies)
Maternal-fetal transfusion (rare)
Increased intrauterine erythropoiesis (active)
Placental insufficiency
  • Preeclampsia
  • Other hypertensive disorders
  • Other vascular disorders
Maternal hypoxemia due to cardiac or pulmonary disorders
  • Cardiac or pulmonary disorders
  • Drugs (eg, propranolol)
  • Smoking
  • High altitude
  • Post-term delivery
Infant risk factors
  • Large for gestational age
  • Maternal diabetes mellitus
  • Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
  • Endocrine abnormalities (congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism)
  • Chromosomal anomalies (trisomy 21, 18, and 13)
Courtesy of Joseph Garcia-Prats.
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