Factors affecting water maintenance needs in children and infants

Source	Increased water needs	Decreased water needs
Skin	Burns Fever Phototherapy Prematurity Radiant heater Sweat	Enclosed incubator Mist tent
Lungs	Tachypnea Tracheostomy	Humidified air
Gastrointestinal tract	Diarrhea Emesis Ileostomy Nasogastric suction
Kidney	Polyuria	Oliguria/anuria
Miscellaneous	Surgical drain Increased activity	Sedation Hypothyroidism

Graphic 72500 Version 3.0