Incidence of the development of clinically evident diabetic neuropathy at 5 years in patients with type 1 diabetes treated with conventional or intensive insulin therapy. Glycemic control was beneficial in both the primary prevention (no retinopathy) and secondary intervention (background retinopathy) cohorts. Patients with confirmed clinical neuropathy at baseline were excluded from the study. This comprised 3.5 percent of patients in the primary prevention cohort and 9.4 percent in the secondary intervention cohort.
Data from The Diabetes Control and Complications Research Group, N Engl J Med 1993; 329:977.