Stage | Core temperature | Physiologic changes |
Mild | 32-35°C (90-95°F) | Shivering |
Increased metabolism | ||
Vasoconstriction | ||
Mild tachycardia | ||
Moderate | 28-32°C (82-90°F) | Loss of compensatory shivering |
Decreasing metabolism | ||
Decreasing cerebral blood flow | ||
Diuresis | ||
Extravasation of fluids | ||
Hypovolemia | ||
Severe | <28°C (82°F) | Muscle rigidity without shivering |
Loss of thermoregulation | ||
Vasodilation | ||
Decreased HR, SV, CO | ||
Decreased cardiac conduction | ||
Increased cardiac irritability | ||
Slowed nerve conduction | ||
Suspended cerebral activity |
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