Valve | Size | Peak gradient (mmHg) | Mean gradient (mmHg) | Peak velocity (m/s) | Pressure half-time (ms) | Effective orifice area (cm2) |
Biocor Stentless bioprosthesis | 27 | 13 ± 1 | ||||
29 | 14 ± 2.5 | |||||
31 | 11.5 ± 0.5 | |||||
33 | 12 ± 0.5 | |||||
Bioflo pericardial Stented bioprosthesis | 25 | 10 ± 2 | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 2 ± 0.1 | ||
27 | 9.5 ± 2.6 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 2 ± 0.3 | |||
29 | 5 ± 2.8 | 3.6 ± 1 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | |||
31 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 2.3 | |||
Bjork-Shiley Tilting disc | 23 | 1.7 | 115 | |||
25 | 12 ± 4 | 6 ± 2 | 1.75 ± 0.38 | 99 ± 27 | 1.72 ± 0.6 | |
27 | 10 ± 4 | 5 ± 2 | 1.6 ± 0.49 | 89 ± 28 | 1.81 ± 0.54 | |
29 | 7.83 ± 2.93 | 2.83 ± 1.27 | 1.37 ± 0.25 | 79 ± 17 | 2.1 ± 0.43 | |
31 | 6 ± 3 | 2 ± 1.9 | 1.41 ± 0.26 | 70 ± 14 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | |
Bjork-Shiley monostrut Tilting disc | 23 | 5.0 | 1.9 | |||
25 | 13 ± 2.5 | 5.57 ± 2.3 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | |||
27 | 12 ± 2.5 | 4.53 ± 2.2 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | |||
29 | 13 ± 3 | 4.26 ± 1.6 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | |||
31 | 14 ± 4.5 | 4.9 ± 1.6 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | |||
Carbomedics Bileaflet | 23 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 126 ± 7 | |||
25 | 10.3 ± 2.3 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 93 ± 8 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | |
27 | 8.79 ± 3.46 | 3.46 ± 1.03 | 1.61 ± 0.3 | 89 ± 20 | 2.9 ± 0.75 | |
29 | 8.78 ± 2.9 | 3.39 ± 0.97 | 1.52 ± 0.3 | 88 ± 17 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | |
31 | 8.87 ± 2.34 | 3.32 ± 0.87 | 1.61 ± 0.29 | 92 ± 24 | 2.8 ± 1.14 | |
33 | 8.8 ± 2.2 | 4.8 ± 2.5 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 93 ± 12 | ||
Carpentier-Edwards Stented bioprosthesis | 27 | 6 ± 2 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 98 ± 28 | ||
29 | 4.7 ± 2 | 1.76 ± 0.27 | 92 ± 14 | |||
31 | 4.4 ± 2 | 1.54 ± 0.15 | 92 ± 19 | |||
33 | 6 ± 3 | 93 ± 12 | ||||
Carpentier-Edwards pericardial Stented bioprosthesis | 27 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 100 | ||
29 | 5.25 ± 2.36 | 1.67 ± 0.3 | 110 ± 15 | |||
31 | 4.05 ± 0.83 | 1.53 ± 0.1 | 90 ± 11 | |||
33 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 80 | |||
Duromedics Bileaflet | 27 | 13 ± 6 | 5 ± 3 | 1.61 ± 0.4 | 75 ± 12 | |
29 | 10 ± 4 | 3 ± 1 | 1.40 ± 0.25 | 85 ± 22 | ||
31 | 10.5 ± 4.33 | 3.3 ± 1.36 | 1.38 ± 0.27 | 81 ± 12 | ||
33 | 11.2 | 2.5 | 85 | |||
Hancock I or not specified Stented bioprosthesis | 27 | 10 ± 4 | 5 ± 2 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | ||
29 | 7 ± 3 | 2.46 ± 0.79 | 115 ± 20 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | ||
31 | 4 ± 0.86 | 4.86 ± 1.69 | 95 ± 17 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | ||
33 | 3 ± 2 | 3.87 ± 2 | 90 ± 12 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | ||
Hancock II Stented bioprosthesis | 27 | 2.21 ± 0.14 | ||||
29 | 2.77 ± 0.11 | |||||
31 | 2.84 ± 0.1 | |||||
33 | 3.15 ± 0.22 | |||||
Hancock pericardial Stented bioprosthesis | 29 | 2.61 ± 1.39 | 1.42 ± 0.14 | 105 ± 36 | ||
31 | 3.57 ± 1.02 | 1.51 ± 0.27 | 81 ± 23 | |||
Ionescu-Shiley Stented bioprosthesis | 25 | 4.87 ± 1.08 | 1.43 ± 0.15 | 93 ± 11 | ||
27 | 3.21 ± 0.82 | 1.31 ± 0.24 | 100 ± 28 | |||
29 | 3.22 ± 0.57 | 1.38 ± 0.2 | 85 ± 8 | |||
31 | 3.63 ± 0.9 | 1.45 ± 0.06 | 100 ± 36 | |||
Ionescu-Shiley low profile Stented bioprosthesis | 29 | 3.31 ± 0.96 | 1.36 ± 0.25 | 80 ± 30 | ||
31 | 2.74 ± 0.37 | 1.33 ± 0.14 | 79 ± 15 | |||
Labcor-Santiago pericardial Stented bioprosthesis | 25 | 8.7 | 4.5 | 97 | 2.2 | |
27 | 5.6 ± 2.3 | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 85 ± 18 | 2.12 ± 0.48 | ||
29 | 6.2 ± 2.1 | 3 ± 1.3 | 80 ± 34 | 2.11 ± 0.73 | ||
Lillehei-Kaster Tilting disc | 18 | 1.7 | 140 | |||
20 | 1.7 | 67 | ||||
22 | 1.56 ± 0.09 | 94 ± 22 | ||||
25 | 1.38 ± 0.27 | 124 ± 46 | ||||
Medtronic-Hall Tilting disc | 27 | 1.4 | 78 | |||
29 | 1.57 ± 0.1 | 69 ± 15 | ||||
31 | 1.45 ± 0.12 | 77 ± 17 | ||||
Medtronic intact porcine Stented bioprosthesis | 29 | 3.5 ± 0.51 | 1.6 ± 0.22 | |||
31 | 4.2 ± 1.44 | 1.6 ± 0.26 | ||||
33 | 4 ± 1.3 | 1.4 ± 0.24 | ||||
35 | 3.2 ± 1.77 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | ||||
Mitroflow Stented bioprosthesis | 25 | 6.9 | 2.0 | 90 | ||
27 | 3.07 ± 0.91 | 1.5 | 90 ± 20 | |||
29 | 3.5 ± 1.65 | 1.43 ± 0.29 | 102 ± 21 | |||
31 | 3.85 ± 0.81 | 1.32 ± 0.26 | 91 ± 22 | |||
Omnicarbon Tilting disc | 23 | 8.0 | ||||
25 | 6.05 ± 1.81 | 1.77 ± 0.24 | 102 ± 16 | |||
27 | 4.89 ± 2.05 | 1.63 ± 0.36 | 105 ± 33 | |||
29 | 4.93 ± 2.16 | 1.56 ± 0.27 | 120 ± 40 | |||
31 | 4.18 ± 1.4 | 1.3 ± 0.23 | 134 ± 31 | |||
33 | 4 ±2 | |||||
On-X Bileaflet | 25 | 11.5 ± 3.2 | 5.3 ± 2.1 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | ||
27-29 | 10.3 ± 4.5 | 4.5 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | |||
31-33 | 9.8 ± 3.8 | 4.8 ± 2.4 | 2.5 ± 1.1 | |||
Sorin Allcarbon Tilting disc | 25 | 15 ± 3 | 5 ± 1 | 2 ± 0.2 | 105 ± 29 | 2.2 ± 0.6 |
27 | 13 ± 2 | 4 ±1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 89 ± 14 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | |
29 | 10 ± 2 | 4 ±1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 85 ± 23 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | |
31 | 9 ± 1 | 4 ±1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 88 ± 27 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | |
Sorin Bicarbon Bileaflet | 25 | 15 ± 0.25 | 4 ± 0.5 | 1.95 ± 0.02 | 70 ± 1 | |
27 | 11 ± 2.75 | 4 ± 0.5 | 1.65 ± 0.21 | 82 ± 20 | ||
29 | 12 ± 3 | 4 ± 1.25 | 1.73 ± 0.22 | 80 ± 14 | ||
31 | 10 ± 1.5 | 4 ± 1 | 1.66 ± 0.11 | 83 ± 14 | ||
St. Jude Medical Bileaflet | 23 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 160 | 1.0 | |
25 | 2.5 ± 1 | 1.34 ± 1.12 | 75 ± 4 | 1.35 ± 0.17 | ||
27 | 11 ± 4 | 5 ± 1.82 | 1.61 ± 0.29 | 75 ± 10 | 1.67 ± 0.17 | |
29 | 10 ± 3 | 4.15 ± 1.8 | 1.57 ± 0.29 | 85 ± 10 | 1.75 ± 0.24 | |
31 | 12 ± 6 | 4.46 ± 2.22 | 1.59 ± 0.33 | 74 ± 13 | 2.03 ± 0.32 | |
Starr-Edwards Caged ball | 26 | 10.0 | 1.4 | |||
28 | 7 ± 2.75 | 1.9 ± 0.57 | ||||
30 | 12.2 ± 4.6 | 6.99 ± 2.5 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 125 ± 25 | 1.65 ± 0.4 | |
32 | 11.5 ± 4.2 | 5.08 ± 2.5 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 110 ± 25 | 1.98 ± 0.4 | |
34 | 5.0 | 2.6 | ||||
Stentless quadrileaflet bovine pericardial Stentless bioprosthesis | 26 | 2.2 ± 1.7 | 1.6 | 103 ± 31 | 1.7 | |
28 | 1.58 ± 0.25 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | ||||
30 | 1.42 ± 0.32 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | ||||
Wessex Stented bioprosthesis | 29 | 3.69 ± 0.61 | 1.66 ± 0.17 | 83 ± 19 | ||
31 | 3.31 ± 0.83 | 1.41 ± 0.25 | 80 ± 21 |
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