Risk category | Percent of patients with risk factor (among those examined for the risk) |
Genetic | |
Any mutation | 61 (United States/Canada/Israel)* 39 (Japan)¶ |
PRSS1 | 33 (United States/Canada/Israel)* 15 (Japan)¶ |
SPINK1 | 20 (United States/Canada/Israel)* 18 (Japan)¶ |
CFTR | 28 (United States/Canada/Israel)* |
CTRC | 7 (United States/Canada/Israel)* 2 (Japan)¶ |
CPA1 | 2 to 4 (Japan)¶Δ 1 to 3 (Europe)Δ |
Obstructive/biliary | |
Any obstructive/biliary risk factor | 33* |
Pancreas divisum | 12* |
Other obstructive/biliary risk factors◊ | Approximately 21* |
Toxic-metabolic | |
Any toxic-metabolic factor | 21* |
Hyperlipidemia (most commonly hypertriglyceridemia) | 6* |
Drugs (eg, metronidazole, mercaptopurine, valproate, isoniazid) | 12* |
Other toxic-metabolic risk factor§ | Approximately 9* |
Autoimmune | |
Autoimmune pancreatitis | 14* |
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