Feature | Characterization |
Female:male ratio | 55:45 |
Mean age of onset | 5.3 years in children, 35 years in adults |
Morbidity | 20 days of missed school per year; 50% of patients require intravenous hydration |
Symptoms: | |
Vomiting | 6 to 8 times/hour at peak, often with bile and blood |
Autonomic | Lethargy, pallor; sometimes with fever or copious salivation |
Gastrointestinal | Abdominal pain, retching, anorexia, nausea; sometimes diarrhea |
Neurologic | Migraine-like symptoms in approximately one-third of patients, including headache, photophobia, phonophobia, or vertigo |
Behavioral |
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Temporal pattern | Most patients have a stereotypical pattern; most episodes occur at night or early morning |
Children (or adults with pediatric-onset CVS):
| |
Adult-onset CVS:
| |
Association with migraines |
|
Family history of migraine | Present in 40 to 80% of children and 25 to 70% of adults |
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