Test | Positive Maneuver | Diagnosis |
Valgus testing of medial complex | Elbow at 15 degrees flexion | Ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency |
Shoulder externally rotated | ||
Moving valgus stress test | With the shoulder abducted to 90 degrees and fully externally rotated and the elbow fully flexed, valgus force to the elbow during its extension causes pain at 70 to 120 degrees of elbow flexion | Ulnar collateral ligament insufficiency |
Varus testing of medial complex | Elbow at 15 degrees flexion | Lateral collateral ligament insufficiency |
Shoulder internally rotated | ||
Tinel sign | Reproduction of pain/numbness in the fourth and fifth fingers with tapping on the groove between medial epicondyle and the olecranon process with the elbow flexed at 90 degrees and the arm externally rotatied | Ulnar neuritis |
Median compressive neuropathies | ||
Pronator compression | Reproduction of pain and altered sensation by direct pressure over the pronator teres | Pronator teres syndrome |
Prolonged resisted pronation | Digital pressure on proximal lateral edge of pronator teres for 30 seconds with resisted forearm supination | Lacertus fibrosis syndrome |
OK sign | Decreased strength or pincer grasp with flattening of the distal interphalangeal joint | Anterior interosseous syndrome |
Long finger PIP flexion | Resisted PIP flexion of the long finger | Flexor digitorum superficialis syndrome |
Radial compressive neuropathies | ||
Superficial radial nerve tenderness | Superficial radial nerve tenderness over extensors 8 cm distal to lateral epicondyle | Superficial radial nerve |
Long finger extension | Pain with resisted long finger flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint with wrist in 30 degrees flexion and fingers extended | Superficial radial nerve |
Radial deviation | Radial deviation of the wrist with active wrist extension | Posterior interosseous syndrome |
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