Finding | Mild (3 to 5%) | Moderate (6 to 9%) | Severe (≥10%) |
Pulse | Full, normal rate | Rapid | Rapid and weak |
Systolic pressure | Normal | Normal to low | Very low |
Respirations | Normal | Deep, rate may be increased | Deep, rapid rate |
Oral tissues | Tacky or slightly dry | Dry | Parched |
Infant fontanelle (soft spot in skull) | Normal | Sunken | Markedly sunken |
Eyes | Normal | Sunken | Markedly sunken |
Tears | Present | Decreased | Absent |
Skin | Normal | Cool | Cool, mottled, blue-tinged hands/feet |
Urine output | Mildly reduced | Markedly reduced | Absent |
Systemic signs | Increased thirst | Listlessness, irritability | Grunting, lethargy, coma |
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