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Summary of the key terms used to describe the pathological processes in osteomyelitis and their MRI signal characteristics

Summary of the key terms used to describe the pathological processes in osteomyelitis and their MRI signal characteristics
Key term Pathological process MRI signal
T1 T2 T1 + C
Bone marrow oedema Accumulation of pus within the medullary cavity, leading to vascular congestion Low High High
Intraosseous abscess Formation of reactive bone and granulation tissue around intramedullary pus Low High Peripheral enhancement
Subperiosteal abscess Accumulation of pus beneath elevated periosteum Low High Peripheral enhancement
Cloaca A cortical defect that allows pus to drain between bone and soft tissue Low High Low
Sinus tract A channel, lined with granulation tissue, that allows pus to drain between bone and the skin surface Low High Peripheral enhancement
Sequestrum A separated fragment of necrotic bone that is surrounded by pus, granulation tissue and an involucrum Low Low Peripheral enhancement
Used with permission of Nancy International Ltd Subsidiary AME Publishing Company, from: Lee YJ, Sadigh S, Mankad K, et al. The imaging of osteomyelitis. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2016:184. Copyright © 2016 Nancy International Ltd Subsidiary AME Publishing Company; permission conveyed through Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.
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