Test | Results consistent with HaNDL | Results inconsistent with HaNDL |
CSF |
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Brain MRI with contrast |
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Brain CTV or MRV |
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EEG |
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Laboratory testing* |
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CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; CTV: computed tomographic venogram; CVT: cerebral venous thrombosis; EEG: electroencephalogram; HaNDL: headache and neurologic deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; MRV: magnetic resonance venogram; WBC: white blood cell.
* Typical laboratory testing in patients with suspected HaNDL includes assays for Lyme disease and syphilis for those either in endemic areas or with associated risk factors. For patients with encephalopathy, additional testing includes thyroid function tests, vitamin B12 level, and antineuronal antibodies. Refer to UpToDate topic for additional information.Do you want to add Medilib to your home screen?