Protein | Physiologic function | Production and metabolism | Consequence of abnormal expression |
Plasminogen | Precursor of plasmin, which degrades fibrin | Produced in the liver | Deficiency leads to poor wound healing and formation of fibrin-rich pseudomembranes on mucosal surfaces, most notably the eyes (ligneous conjunctivitis) |
tPA, uPA | Convert plasminogen to plasmin | Cleared by the liver | Overexpression or impaired clearance due to liver disease can increase bleeding risk |
Alpha-2-antiplasmin | Inhibits fibrinolysis | Produced in the liver | Deficiency can increase bleeding risk |
PAI-1 | Inhibits fibrinolysis | Produced in the liver, vascular cells, and other cells | Deficiency can increase bleeding risk Overexpression can increase thrombosis risk |
TAFI (also called CPB2) | Inhibits fibrinolysis | Produced in the liver | Overexpression linked to thrombosis; acquired deficiency (resulting from liver disease) could produce hemorrhage |
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