Simplified diagram of the fluid pathways of a machine for continuous veno-venous HDF

Simplified diagram of the fluid pathways of a machine for continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration. Such machines are typically used for continuous kidney replacement therapy in intensive care units. All lines and the dialyzer are disposed after single use. Fluid balance is maintained by the machine controlling the rates of the infusion and dialysate pumps, informed by the weights measured continuously at W1 and W2.