Computed tomography of chronic lung allograft dysfunction

Radiology of CLAD: Representative computed tomography images are shown from a patient with BOS (A, B) and a patient with RAS (C, D). Hyperinflation (A) and air-trapping on expiration (B) are typical of BOS. Dense opacities consistent with fibrosis, along with pleural thickening, are seen in the upper lobes on axial (C) and coronal (D) images in a patient with RAS.