References:
- Hoffman EP, Fischbeck KH, Brown RH, et al. Characterization of dystrophin in muscle-biopsy specimens from patients with Duchenne's or Becker's muscular dystrophy. N Engl J Med 1988; 318:1363.
- Zatz M, Rapaport D, Vainzof M, et al. Serum creatine-kinase (CK) and pyruvate-kinase (PK) activities in Duchenne (DMD) as compared with Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Sci 1991; 102:190.
- Mestroni L, Rocco C, Gregori D, et al. Familial dilated cardiomyopathy: evidence for genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Heart Muscle Disease Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34:181.
- Hoogerwaard EM, Bakker E, Ippel PF, et al. Signs and symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy among carriers in The Netherlands: a cohort study. Lancet 1999; 353:2116.
- Sumita DR, Vainzof M, Campiotto S, et al. Absence of correlation between skewed X inactivation in blood and serum creatine-kinase levels in Duchenne/Becker female carriers. Am J Med Genet 1998; 80:356.
Reproduced with permission from: Darras BT, Urion DK, Partha GS. Dystrophinopathies. In: GeneReviews, Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE (Eds), University of Washington, Seattle, 2000-2018. Copyright © 2000-2018 University of Washington, Seattle.