Procedural |
Death or further morbidity due to bleeding, hypoxia, analgesia/sedation, or inability to rapidly perform the procedure |
Analgesia/sedation-related complications |
Injury to one or more chest wall structures (eg, ribs, intercostal nerve bundle, internal thoracic artery, breast) |
Injury to one or more intrathoracic structures (eg, lung trachea, bronchus, diaphragm, heart, great vessels, esophagus, phrenic nerve, thoracic duct, thymus) |
Injury to one or more extrathoracic structures (eg, neck, liver, spleen, stomach, intestine) |
Infection (thoracostomy site, empyema, mediastinitis, sepsis) |
Bleeding (eg, thoracostomy site, intercostal vessel, internal thoracic vessel, pleural adhesions) |
Hemoptysis |
Peripheral nerve injury (eg, intercostal nerve, phrenic nerve, thoracic nerve) |
Drug/allergic reaction (latex, anesthetic, prep solution, analgesics, sedatives, antibiotic) |
Improper extrathoracic position of catheter/tube (subcutaneous, muscular, or abdominal) |
Catheter/tube leak due to side port outside of the thorax or faulty drainage device connections |
Tube loss due to failure to properly secure the catheter/tube in place |
Inappropriate catheter/tube positioning due to failure to check postprocedure chest radiograph or adjust catheter/tube position based on radiograph |
Misinterpretation of needle thoracostomy findings |
Inappropriately sized size catheter/tube requiring repeat procedure |
Dysrhythmia |
Improper skin incision that causes unnecessary cosmetic impact |
Damage to another medical device near the operative site |
Improperly connected Heimlich valve (ie, wrong direction) |
Improper setup of a water seal-drainage reservoir-suction apparatus |
Postprocedural |
Death or further morbidity due to infection, bleeding, or failure to correct a dysfunctional device |
Kinked, obstructed, or dislodged catheter/tube that requires an additional procedure |
Failure to recognize catheter/tube or drainage/suction device malfunction |
Late injury or erosion of an anatomic structure due to the catheter/tube |
Dysfunction of an anatomic structure due to impingement by the catheter/tube |
Failure to remove device when it is no longer needed |
Late infection (eg, thoracostomy site, empyema, mediastinitis, sepsis) |
Pneumothorax upon catheter/tube removal that requires intervention |
Pleural fistula |
Failure to place additional catheters/tubes when drainage by a single catheter/tube is inadequate to restore satisfactory physiologic status |
Failure to maintain sterile technique during manipulation of device or drainage system |
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