Matrix | Source | Indication | Study outcome | Level of evidence |
BLCC | Dermal part: bovine type I collagen with human neonatal foreskin fibroblasts. Epidermal part: keratinocytes. | VLUs, DFUs, PG, burns, acute wounds, epidermolysis bullosa, post-radiation ulcers | In VLUs: 63% of patients were healed at 6 months compared with 49% (using standard of care). Also, higher likelihood to achieve complete wound closure by 6 months than the control group. In DFUs: Closure in 56% of patients by 12 weeks compared with 39% of patients with conventional therapy. | Level I[2,3] |
DHACM | DHACM is composed of a single layer of epithelial cells, a basement membrane, and an avascular connective tissue matrix. | DFUs, VLUs, chronic vascular ulcers, partial- and full- thickness wounds, PUs, surgical wounds, trauma wounds, and burns | In DFUs: 97% of patients treated with DHACM achieved wound closure by 12 weeks compared with 51% with standard wound care. In VLUs: 62% of patients treated with DHACM plus compression therapy showed wound closure at 4 weeks compared with only 32% with compression therapy alone. | Level II[4,5] |
DRM | Composed of a cross-linked bovine collagen and glycosaminoglycan dermal layer, and a silicone epidermal layer. | Partial- and full-thickness wounds, PUs, VLUs, DFUs, surgical wounds, burns, and draining wounds | The combination of DRM with postoperative negative-pressure therapy versus DRM alone increased the take rate from 78% to 98%. The interval between DRM and skin transplantation was decreased from 24 to 10 days and can decrease length of hospital stay. In DFUs: 51% of patients achieved complete closure with DRM compared with 32% of the control group. 43 days to closure versus 78 days. | Level I and II[6,7] |
CA | Cadaveric human skin that has been processed to remove the epidermis. | Indicated in the repair of damaged or inadequate integument including surgical wounds from abdominal wall reconstruction and breast reconstruction | 86% of patients receiving CA were closed by 16 weeks compared with only 29% of control patients (diabetic lower extremity wounds). | Level II[8] |
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