Class | Description | Subcategory | Subdivision | Product example |
I | Skin substitutes with mechanical traits of the epidermis; lack keratinocytes | Single-layered materials | Naturally occurring membrane or cover as biological dressing substitute | Biomembrane Biocompatible vegetal membranes derived from the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree |
Single-layer synthetic skin dressing material substitute | Tegaderm, Opsite, Dermafilm, Nexfill, Gelapin | |||
Bi-layered tissue-engineered materials | – | TransCyte | ||
II | Epidermal or dermal skin substitutes | Epidermal substitutes – similar to human epidermis; prone to breakdown; poor healing outcomes | – | Epicel, EpiDex, Laserskin, MySkin, BioSeed, CellSpray, cultured epithelial allograft (CEA) |
Dermal substitutes – composition that includes proteins found in the dermal matrix | – | Kollagen, Permacol, Matriderm, Alloderm | ||
III | Materials that replace both the dermal and epidermal layer | Skin graft | – | Allograft from cadaver, Xenograft from porcine origin |
Tissue-engineered skin | – | Apligraf, Integra, Biobrane |
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