- Headache with altered mental status, seizures, papilledema, changes in vision, stiff neck, weakness, or focal neurological signs/symptoms
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- Sudden onset of severe headache ("worst headache of my life")
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- New-onset of migraine-type headache
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- Headache in an immunosuppressed patient
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- Change in headache characteristics (eg, pain, pattern, severity) from usual headaches
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- Headache associated with/precipitated by fever, head trauma, nonprescription drug use, toxic exposure, cough, exertion, sexual activity, or Valsalva maneuver
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- Headache that awakens the patient from sleep
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- Headache unrelieved by pain medication
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