Acute hyperventilation episode | Intermittent, episodic hyperventilation episodes |
Pulmonary disorders |
- Pneumothorax
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pneumonia
- Exacerbation of asthma/COPD
- Upper airway obstruction
- Intrapulmonary shunt
- Interstitial lung disease
- High altitude sickness
| - Asthma
- COPD
- Paradoxical vocal fold motion
- Upper airway obstruction
|
Cardiovascular disorders |
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Heart failure
- Dysrhythmias
- Shock
| - Angina
- Heart failure
- Dysrhythmias
|
Metabolic disorders |
- Anion gap acidosis (eg, ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, salicylate poisoning, non-ethanol alcohol toxicity, carbon monoxide poisoning)
- Nonanion gap acidosis (eg, renal failure)
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypoglycemia
| |
Endocrine disorders |
- Hyperthyroidism
- Pheochromocytoma
| - Hyperthyroidism
- Pheochromocytoma
|
Neurologic and psychologic disorders |
- Central nervous system tumor
- Certain stroke syndromes (eg, hemispheric)
- Anxiety, panic
- Pain
| - Anxiety, panic
- Pain
- Hyperventilation syndrome
|
Miscellaneous |
- Pregnancy
- Hepatic failure
- Sepsis
| |