Primary tumor (T) | ||
Clinical T (cT) | ||
T category | T criteria | |
TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed | |
T0 | No evidence of primary tumor | |
T1 | Clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable | |
T1a | Tumor incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected | |
T1b | Tumor incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected | |
T1c | Tumor identified by needle biopsy found in one or both sides, but not palpable | |
T2 | Tumor is palpable and confined within prostate | |
T2a | Tumor involves one-half of one side or less | |
T2b | Tumor involves more than one-half of one side but not both sides | |
T2c | Tumor involves both sides | |
T3 | Extraprostatic tumor that is not fixed or does not invade adjacent structures | |
T3a | Extraprostatic extension (unilateral or bilateral) | |
T3b | Tumor invades seminal vesicle(s) | |
T4 | Tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles such as external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall | |
Pathological T (pT) | ||
T category | T criteria | |
T2 | Organ confined | |
T3 | Extraprostatic extension | |
T3a | Extraprostatic extension (unilateral or bilateral) or microscopic invasion of bladder neck | |
T3b | Tumor invades seminal vesicle(s) | |
T4 | Tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles such as external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall | |
NOTE: There is no pathological T1 classification. NOTE: Positive surgical margin should be indicated by an R1 descriptor, indicating residual microscopic disease. | ||
Regional lymph nodes (N) | ||
N category | N criteria | |
NX | Regional nodes were not assessed | |
N0 | No positive regional nodes | |
N1 | Metastases in regional node(s) | |
Distant metastasis (M) | ||
M category | M criteria | |
M0 | No distant metastasis | |
M1 | Distant metastasis | |
M1a | Nonregional lymph node(s) | |
M1b | Bone(s) | |
M1c | Other site(s) with or without bone disease | |
NOTE: When more than one site of metastasis is present, the most advanced category is used. M1c is most advanced. | ||
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | ||
PSA values are used to assign this category. | ||
PSA values | ||
<10 | ||
≥10 <20 | ||
<20 | ||
≥20 | ||
Any value | ||
Histologic grade group (G) | ||
Recently, the Gleason system has been compressed into so-called Grade Groups. | ||
Grade Group | Gleason score | Gleason pattern |
1 | ≤6 | ≤3+3 |
2 | 7 | 3+4 |
3 | 7 | 4+3 |
4 | 8 | 4+4, 3+5, or 5+3 |
5 | 9 or 10 | 4+5, 5+4, or 5+5 |
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