Medication | Dose range* | Onset | Duration | Comments |
Midazolam | 0.5 to 2 mg IV prior to propofol over 2 to 3 minutes; may repeat after 2 to 5 minutes | 1 to 2.5 minutes | 10 to 40 minutes |
|
Propofol | 250 to 500 mcg/kg IV bolus | 30 seconds | 5 to 10 minutes |
|
25 to 75 mcg/kg/minute IV infusion | 3 to 4 minutes, without bolus | 4 minutes after discontinuation of infusion | ||
Dexmedetomidine | Loading: 0.5 to 1 mcg/kg over 10 to 20 minutes[2] | 5 to 10 minutes | 30 to 40 minutes[1] |
|
Maintenance: 0.2 to 1 mcg/kg/hour | ||||
Ketamine | 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg IV | 1 to 2 minutes | 20 to 60 minutes |
|
Opioids |
| |||
Fentanyl | 0.5 to 2 mcg/kg IV, administered in intermittent boluses of 25 to 50 mcg IV | 2 to 3 minutes | 30 to 60 minutes | |
Remifentanil | 0.1 mcg/kg/minute IV, started 5 minutes prior to stimulus; wean to 0.05 mcg/kg/minute IV as possible¶ | 1 to 1.5 minutes | 3 to 5 minutes after discontinuation of infusion |
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