Class | Drugs |
Antihistamines | - H1 receptor antagonists (1st generation, eg, brompheniramine, carbinoxamine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, cyproheptadine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, doxepin, doxylamine, hydroxyzine, meclizine, triprolidine, others)
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Antiparkinson | - Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl
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Antimuscarinic, overactive bladder | - Darifenacin, fesoterodine, flavoxate, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium
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Antimuscarinic, spasmolytic | - Atropine, belladonna-containing medications, clidinium-chlordiazepoxide, dicyclomine, hyoscyamine, glycopyrrolate, homatropine, methscopolamine, propantheline, scopolamine (hyoscine)
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Antimuscarinic, inhaled bronchodilator | |
Antimuscarinic, ophthalmic drops¶ (mydriatic/cycloplegic) | - Atropine, cyclopentolate, homatropine, scopolamine
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Gastrointestinal | - Antiemetics (eg, hydroxyzine, meclizine, promethazine, scopolamine); also refer to 1st generation antihistamines above
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Muscle relaxant | - Cyclobenzaprine, orphenadrine, tizanidine
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Psychotropic | - High relative anticholinergic potency:
- Antipsychotics 1st generation: Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, methotrimeprazine (levomepromazine), thioridazine, trifluoperazine
- Antipsychotics 2nd generation: Clozapine
- Tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline)
- Low relative anticholinergic potency:
- Antipsychotics 1st generation: Haloperidol, perphenazine*, others
- Antipsychotics 2nd generation (eg, olanzapine*, quetiapine*, iloperidone, risperidone, others)
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Plants | - Angel's trumpet (Brugmansia species)
- Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)
- Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)
- Jimson weed (Datura stramonium)
- Mandrake (Mandragora officinarum)
- Moonflower (Datura inoxia)
- Muscarinic mushroom species (particularly Clitocybe and Inocybe)
- Other muscarine-containing mushrooms include: Amanita, Entoloma, and Mycena species
- Nightshade species: American nightshade (Solanum americanum), Bittersweet woody nightshade (Solanum dulcamara), Black (common) nightshade (Solanum nigrum)
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