Agent | Human data | Adverse events in animal studies | Crosses placenta | Excreted in human milk |
Long-acting beta agonists* | ||||
Salmeterol | Limited data suggest safety | Observed in some studies | Unknown | |
Formoterol | Limited data suggest safety | Observed in some studies | Unknown | |
Indacaterol¶ | No | Unknown | ||
Olodaterol¶ | Yes | Unknown, but likely | ||
VilanterolΔ | No | Unknown | ||
Long-acting anticholinergic agents | ||||
Aclidinium¶ | Yes | Not known | Probable | |
Glycopyrrolate¶ | Yes | Small amounts | Yes | |
Tiotropium | Yes | Not known | Not known | |
Umeclidinium¶ | Negligible systemic absorption following oral inhalation | Not known |
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