Neoplastic | Clinical and imaging clues |
- Solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma
| - Homogeneously enhancing dural-based tumors; usually indistinguishable from meningioma by imaging
|
| - Lack of hyperostosis; low apparent diffusion coefficient
|
| - Abnormal SPEP, UPEP; anemia; renal insufficiency
|
| - Edema; adjacent skull metastasis; known breast, prostate, or lung cancer
|
| - Posterior fossa or spinal cord location
|
| - Heterogenous enhancement, local invasion
|
| - Rare, primarily seen in HIV-positive patients
|
Non-neoplastic | Clinical clues |
| - Uncommon manifestation of neurosarcoidosis; systemic disease may or may not be present
|
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
| - Constitutional symptoms, renal insufficiency
|
- Histiocytic disorders (eg, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester disease)
| - Bone lesions, multiorgan involvement, diabetes insipidus
|
| - Orbital location; multiple tumors; elevated serum IgG4
|
| - Massive painless cervical lymphadenopathy and fever
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| - Endemic regions; immunocompromise; chronic cough and constitutional symptoms
|