Type | Sternal stability | Bone viability and stock | Reconstruction | Staging of reconstruction |
1 | Stable | Reasonable | TNP* | (class I, level B) |
2a | Stable | Reasonable | Local muscle flap¶ | Primary (class II, level B) |
2b | Stable | Reasonable | MuscleΔ or omentum flap | Delayed (class I, level B) |
3a | Unstable | Viable and sufficient | Rewiring/osteosynthesis | Primary◊Delayed§ (class IIb, level B) |
3b | Unstable | Viable and sufficient | Rewiring/osteosynthesis and muscleΔ or omentum flap | Primary◊ Delayed§ |
4a | Unstable | Necrotic and insufficient | Muscle flap | Primary/delayed |
4b | Unstable | Necrotic and insufficient | Omentum flap | (class IIb, level B) |
4c | Unstable | Necrotic and insufficient | Muscle and omentum flap |
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