Anesthetic agents | CMRO2 | CBF | ICP | Cerebral autoregulation |
Nitrous oxide | ↑↑ | ↑↑↑ | ↑↑ | No change |
Sevoflurane | ↓ | ↑↑ | ↑ | No change |
Isoflurane | ↓↓ | ↑ | ↑ | No change |
Desflurane | ↓ | ↑↑↑ | ↑↑ | No change |
Propofol, thiopental, and etomidate | ↓↓↓ | ↓↓↓ | ↓↓ | No change |
Benzodiazepines | ↓ | ↓↓ | ↓ | No change |
Ketamine | ↑↑ | Unknown | Unknown | No change |
Dexmedetomidine | ↓↓ | ↓ | No change | ↓ |
Opioids | ↑ | ↓↓ | ↓ | No change |
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