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Causes of hypoxemia during laparoscopic and robotic surgery
Causes of hypoxemia during laparoscopic and robotic surgery
Patient factors
Preexisting cardiopulmonary dysfunction
Morbid obesity
Intraoperative ventilation
Low FiO
2
Hypoventilation
V/Q mismatch
Endobronchial intubation
Atelectasis
Capno (pneumo) thorax
Pulmonary embolism
Patient position (eg, lateral decubitus)
Reduced cardiac output
Inferior vena cava compression
Dysrhythmias
Myocardial depression (eg, anesthetic drug effects)
Hemorrhage
Anemia
Pre-existing anemia
Hemorrhage
FiO
2
: fraction of inspired oxygen;
V/Q
:
ventilation/perfusion.
Adapted with permission from: Joshi G, Cunningham A. Anesthesia for laparoscopic and robotic surgeries. In: Clinical Anesthesia, 7th ed, Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, et al (Eds), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2013. Copyright © 2013 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
www.lww.com
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