The discipline of environmental geochemistry establishes and explains links between the chemical composition of rocks and minerals and the health of plants, animals and people. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources distorts natural geochemical systems. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural geochemical processes.
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