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Barriers to Kidney Transplantation in Racial/Ethnic Minorities
Monica Fox
doi : 10.2215/CJN.19371220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 177-178
Steroid Regimen for Children with Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse
Anna Elizabeth Williams and Rasheed A. Gbadegesin
doi : 10.2215/CJN.19201220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 179-181
Assessing Genetic Risk for IgA Nephropathy
Sindhuri Prakash and Ali G. Gharavi
doi : 10.2215/CJN.19491220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 182-184
Mind the Gap
Aviva M. Goldberg and O. N. Ray Bignall
doi : 10.2215/CJN.19321220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 185-187
Optimizing Utilization of Kidneys from Hepatitis C–Positive Kidney Donors
Venkatesh K. Ariyamuthu and Bekir Tanriover
doi : 10.2215/CJN.19431220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 188-190
Opportunities for Improvement in Quality of Care of PD-Related Peritonitis in Children
Enrico Vidal
doi : 10.2215/CJN.19461220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 191-193
Associations between Deprivation, Geographic Location, and Access to Pediatric Kidney Care in the United Kingdom
Lucy A. Plumb, Manish D. Sinha, Anna Casula, Carol D. Inward, Stephen D. Marks, Fergus J. Caskey and Yoav Ben-Shlomo
doi : 10.2215/CJN.11020720
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 194-203
Background and objectives Pre-emptive kidney transplantation is advocated as best practice for children with kidney failure who are transplant eligible; however, it is limited by late presentation. We aimed to determine whether socioeconomic deprivation and/or geographic location (distance to the center and rural/urban residence) are associated with late presentation, and to what degree these factors could explain differences in accessing pre-emptive transplantation.
Use of the Urine-to-Plasma Urea Ratio to Predict ADPKD Progression
Judith E. Heida, Ron T. Gansevoort, A. Lianne Messchendorp, Esther Meijer, Niek F. Casteleijn, Wendy E. Boertien, Debbie Zittema and on behalf of the DIPAK Consortium
doi : 10.2215/CJN.10470620
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 204-212
Background and objectives Predicting disease progression in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) poses a challenge, especially in early-stage disease when kidney function is not yet affected. Ongoing growth of cysts causes maximal urine-concentrating capacity to decrease from early on. We therefore hypothesized that the urine-to-plasma urea ratio, as a reflection of the urine-concentrating capacity, can be used as a marker to predict ADPKD progression.
Exome Chip Analyses and Genetic Risk for IgA Nephropathy among Han Chinese
Xu-jie Zhou, Lam C. Tsoi, Yong Hu, Matthew T. Patrick, Kevin He, Celine C. Berthier, Yanming Li, Yan-na Wang, Yuan-yuan Qi, Yue-miao Zhang, Ting Gan, Yang Li, Ping Hou, Li-jun Liu, Su-fang Shi, Ji-cheng Lv, Hu-ji Xu and Hong Zhang
doi : 10.2215/CJN.06910520
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 213-224
Background and objectives IgA nephropathy is the most common form of primary GN worldwide. The evidence of geographic and ethnic differences, as well as familial aggregation of the disease, supports a strong genetic contribution to IgA nephropathy. Evidence for genetic factors in IgA nephropathy comes also from genome-wide association patient-control studies. However, few studies have systematically evaluated the contribution of coding variation in IgA nephropathy.
Short-Duration Prednisolone in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome Relapse
Deepika Kainth, Pankaj Hari, Aditi Sinha, Shivam Pandey and Arvind Bagga
doi : 10.2215/CJN.06140420
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 225-232
Background and objectives In children with nephrotic syndrome, steroids are the cornerstone of therapy for relapse. The adequate duration and dosage of steroids, however, have not been an active area of research, especially in children with infrequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome. This study investigated the efficacy of an abbreviated regimen for treatment of a relapse in this population.
Variability in Culture-Negative Peritonitis Rates in Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Programs in the United States
T. Keefe Davis, Kristina A. Bryant, Jonathan Rodean, Troy Richardson, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Xuan Qin, Alicia Neu and Bradley A. Warady
doi : 10.2215/CJN.09190620
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 233-240
Background and objectives International guidelines suggest a target culture-negative peritonitis rate of <15% among patients receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis. Through a pediatric multicenter dialysis collaborative, we identified variable rates of culture-negative peritonitis among participating centers. We sought to evaluate whether specific practices are associated with the variability in culture-negative rates between low– and high–culture-negative rate centers.
Sex Disparity in Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplant Access by Cause of Kidney Disease
Patrick Ahearn, Kirsten L. Johansen, Jane C. Tan, Charles E. McCulloch, Barbara A. Grimes and Elaine Ku
doi : 10.2215/CJN.09140620
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 241-250
Background and objectives Women with kidney failure have lower access to kidney transplantation compared with men, but the magnitude of this disparity may not be uniform across all kidney diseases. We hypothesized that the attributed cause of kidney failure may modify the magnitude of the disparities in transplant access by sex.
Trends in Discard of Kidneys from Hepatitis C Viremic Donors in the United States
Su-Hsin Chang, Massini Merzkani, Krista L. Lentine, Mei Wang, David A. Axelrod, Siddiq Anwar, Mark A. Schnitzler, Jason Wellen, William C. Chapman and Tarek Alhamad
doi : 10.2215/CJN.10960720
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 251-261
Background and objectives Kidneys from hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremic donors have become more commonly accepted for transplant, especially after effective direct-acting antiviral therapy became available in 2014. We examined the contemporary trend of kidney discard from donors with HCV seropositivity and viremia.
Social Determinants of Health and Race Disparities in Kidney Transplant
Hannah Wesselman, Christopher Graham Ford, Yuridia Leyva, Xingyuan Li, Chung-Chou H. Chang, Mary Amanda Dew, Kellee Kendall, Emilee Croswell, John R. Pleis, Yue Harn Ng, Mark L. Unruh, Ron Shapiro and Larissa Myaskovsky
doi : 10.2215/CJN.04860420
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 262-274
Background and objectives Black patients have a higher incidence of kidney failure but lower rate of deceased- and living-donor kidney transplantation compared with White patients, even after taking differences in comorbidities into account. We assessed whether social determinants of health (e.g., demographics, cultural, psychosocial, knowledge factors) could account for race differences in receiving deceased- and living-donor kidney transplantation.
Pretransplant Calculated Panel Reactive Antibody in the Absence of Donor-Specific Antibody and Kidney Allograft Survival
James H. Lan, Matthew Kadatz, Doris T. Chang, Jagbir Gill, Howard M. Gebel and John S. Gill
doi : 10.2215/CJN.13640820
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 275-283
Background and objectives Panel reactive antibody informs the likelihood of finding an HLA-compatible donor for transplant candidates, but has historically been associated with acute rejection and allograft survival because testing methods could not exclude the presence of concomitant donor-specific antibodies. Despite new methods to exclude donor-specific antibodies, panel reactive antibody continues to be used to determine the choice of induction and maintenance immunosuppression. The study objective was to determine the clinical relevance of panel reactive antibody in the absence of donor-specific antibodies.
Characteristics of Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in an Urban Academic Medical Center
John R. Lee, Jeffrey Silberzweig, Oleh Akchurin, Mary E. Choi, Vesh Srivatana, Jonathan Lin, Frank Liu, Line Malha, Michelle Lubetzky, Darshana M. Dadhania, Divya Shankaranarayanan, Daniil Shimonov, Sanjay Neupane, Thalia Salinas, Aarti Bhasin, Elly Varma, Lorenz Leuprecht, Supriya Gerardine, Perola Lamba, Parag Goyal, Eric Caliendo, Victoria Tiase, Rahul Sharma, Joel C. Park, Peter A.D. Steel, Manikkam Suthanthiran and Yiye Zhang
doi : 10.2215/CJN.07440520
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 284-286
no abstract
Effect of Sickle Cell Trait and APOL1 Genotype on the Association of Soluble uPAR with Kidney Function Measures in Black Americans
Alexander P. Reiner, Laura M. Raffield, Nora Franceschini, Paul L. Auer, Ethan M. Lange, Deborah A. Nickerson, Neil A. Zakai, Adolfo Correa, Nels Olson and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Consortium
doi : 10.2215/CJN.12100720
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 287-289
no abstract
Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA Shedding and IgG Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Patients on Hemodialysis
Aisha Shaikh, Etti Zeldis, Kirk N. Campbell and Lili Chan
doi : 10.2215/CJN.11120720
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 290-292
no abstract
Correction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Native Kidney Biopsy Complications
doi : 10.2215/CJN.18391120
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 293
no abstract
APOL1 Nephropathy: From Genetics to Clinical Applications
David J. Friedman and Martin R. Pollak
doi : 10.2215/CJN.15161219
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 294-303
Rates of many types of severe kidney disease are much higher in Black individuals than most other ethnic groups. Much of this disparity can now be attributed to genetic variants in the apoL1 (APOL1) gene found only in individuals with recent African ancestry. These variants greatly increase rates of hypertension-associated ESKD, FSGS, HIV-associated nephropathy, and other forms of nondiabetic kidney disease. We discuss the population genetics of APOL1 risk variants and the clinical spectrum of APOL1 nephropathy. We then consider clinical issues that arise for the practicing nephrologist caring for the patient who may have APOL1 kidney disease.
Use of Gadolinium in Individuals with Reduced Kidney Function
Kambiz Kalantari and Sundararaman Swaminathan
doi : 10.2215/CJN.13950820
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 304-306
PEXIVAS
An S. De Vriese and Fernando C. Fervenza
doi : 10.2215/CJN.10550620
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 307-309
Metabolic Acidosis and CKD Progression
Nicolaos E. Madias
doi : 10.2215/CJN.07990520
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 310-312
Jump-Starting Kidney Research
Jenna M. Norton and Robert A. Star
doi : 10.2215/CJN.06570520
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 313-315
Is It Time for Precision Dialysis?
Nupur Gupta and Jay B. Wish
doi : 10.2215/CJN.08610520
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 316-318
Advancing Nephrology
Gregory L. Braden, Arlene Chapman, David H. Ellison, Crystal A. Gadegbeku, Susan B. Gurley, Peter Igarashi, Ellie Kelepouris, Marva M. Moxey-Mims, Mark D. Okusa, Troy J. Plumb, Susan E. Quaggin, David J. Salant, Mark S. Segal, Stuart J. Shankland and Stefan Somlo
doi : 10.2215/CJN.01550220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 319-327
New treatments, new understanding, and new approaches to translational research are transforming the outlook for patients with kidney diseases. A number of new initiatives dedicated to advancing the field of nephrology—from value-based care to prize competitions—will further improve outcomes of patients with kidney disease. Because of individual nephrologists and kidney organizations in the United States, such as the American Society of Nephrology, the National Kidney Foundation, and the Renal Physicians Association, and international nephrologists and organizations, such as the International Society of Nephrology and the European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association, we are beginning to gain traction to invigorate nephrology to meet the pandemic of global kidney diseases. Recognizing the timeliness of this opportunity, the American Society of Nephrology convened a Division Chief Retreat in Dallas, Texas, in June 2019 to address five key issues: (1) asserting the value of nephrology to the health system; (2) productivity and compensation; (3) financial support of faculty’s and divisions’ educational efforts; (4) faculty recruitment, retention, diversity, and inclusion; and (5) ensuring that fellowship programs prepare trainees to provide high-value nephrology care and enhance attraction of trainees to nephrology. Herein, we highlight the outcomes of these discussions and recommendations to the American Society of Nephrology.
Strategies to Reduce Rehospitalization in Patients with CKD and Kidney Failure
Simit Doshi and Jay B. Wish
doi : 10.2215/CJN.02300220
CJASN February 2021, 16 (2) 328-334
Readmissions in patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD and kidney failure are common and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic consequences. In 2013, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services implemented the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program in an attempt to reduce high hospitalization-associated costs. Up to 50% of all readmissions are deemed avoidable and present an opportunity for intervention. We describe factors that are specific to the patient, the index hospitalization, and underlying conditions that help identify the “high-risk” patient. Early follow-up care, developing volume management strategies, optimizing nutrition, obtaining palliative care consultations for seriously ill patients during hospitalization and conducting goals-of-care discussions with them, instituting systematic advance care planning during outpatient visits to avoid unwanted hospitalizations and intensive treatment at the end of life, and developing protocols for patients with incident or prevalent cardiovascular conditions may help prevent avoidable readmissions in patients with kidney disease.
