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Childhood Wheeze Patterns: What Do They Tell Us?
Cindy T. McEvoy 1 and Eliot R. Spindel 2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202201-0108ED
Volume 205, Issue 8 | April 15 2022
Bronchiectasis, the Latest Eosinophilic Airway Disease: What About the Microbiome?
Dave Singh 1 and Chris Brightling 2
Hypoxia Can Make Neutrophils Hyper, Potentially Wreaking Havoc during Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
John C. Gomez 1,2 and Claire M. Doerschuk 1,2
Dyspnea and Mechanical Ventilation: The Emperor Has No Clothes
Richard M. Schwartzstein 1 and Margaret L. Campbell 2
Don’t Inhale: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Risk and Tobacco Exposure in Patients with Sepsis
Joshua M. Diamond
The Shorter, the Better: Can We Improve Efficiency of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Trials?
Giacomo Sgalla 1, Marlies S. Wijsenbeek 2, and Luca Richeldi 1
Hypoxia and Sleep-disordered Breathing: Friend or Foe?
Danny J. Eckert 1 and Scott A. Sands 2
Risks and Benefits of Ultra–Lung-Protective Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Strategies with a Focus on Extracorporeal Support
Darryl Abrams 1,2, Cara Agerstrand 1,2, Jeremy R. Beitler 1,2, Christian Karagiannidis 3, Purnema Madahar 1,2, Natalie H. Yip 1,2, Antonio Pesenti 4, Arthur S. Slutsky 5,6,7*, Laurent Brochard 5,6,7*, and Daniel Brodie 1,2*
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202110-2252CP
Lung-protective ventilation strategies are the current standard of care for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in an effort to provide adequate ventilatory requirements while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury.
Modeling Wheezing Spells Identifies Phenotypes with Different Outcomes and Genetic Associates
Sadia Haider 1, Raquel Granell 2, John Curtin 3, Sara Fontanella 1, Alex Cucco 1, Stephen Turner 4,5, Angela Simpson 3, Graham Roberts 6,7,8, Clare S. Murray 3, John W. Holloway 6,7, Graham Devereux 9, Paul Cullinan 1, Syed Hasan Arshad 7,8,10, and Adnan Custovic 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1821OC
Rationale: Longitudinal modeling of current wheezing identified similar phenotypes, but their characteristics often differ between studies.
Characterization of Eosinophilic Bronchiectasis: A European Multicohort Study
Amelia Shoemark 1,2, Michal Shteinberg 3, Anthony De Soyza 4,5, Charles S. Haworth 6,7, Hollian Richardson 1, Yonghua Gao 8, Lidia Perea 9, Alison J. Dicker 1, Pieter C. Goeminne 10, Erin Cant 1, Eva Polverino 11,12, Josje Altenburg 13, Holly R. Keir 1, Michael R. Loebinger 2, Francesco Blasi 14,15, Tobias Welte 16, Oriol Sibila 9, Stefano Aliberti 17,18, and James D. Chalmers 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1889OC
Rationale: Bronchiectasis is classically considered a neutrophilic disorder, but eosinophilic subtypes have recently been described.
Hypoxia Increases the Potential for Neutrophil-mediated Endothelial Damage in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Katharine M. Lodge 1,2, Arlette Vassallo 1, Bin Liu 1, Merete Long 3, Zhen Tong 1, Paul R. Newby 4, Danya Agha-Jaffar 2, Koralia Paschalaki 2, Clara E. Green 4, Kylie B. R. Belchamber 4, Victoria C. Ridger 3, Robert A. Stockley 5, Elizabeth Sapey 4,5, Charlotte Summers 1, Andrew S. Cowburn 2, Edwin R. Chilvers 1,2, Wei Li 1*, and Alison M. Condliffe 1,3*
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202006-2467OC
Rationale: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and exacerbations further increase the risk of such events. COPD is associated with persistent blood and airway neutrophilia and systemic and tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia augments neutrophil elastase release, enhancing capacity for tissue injury.
Prevalence, Intensity, and Clinical Impact of Dyspnea in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Invasive Ventilation
Alexandre Demoule 1,2,3, David Hajage 4,5, Jonathan Messika 6, Samir Jaber 7, Hassimiou Diallo 4,5, Maxime Coutrot 3,8,9, Achille Kouatchet 10, Elie Azoulay 11, Muriel Fartoukh 3,12,13,14, Sami Hraiech 15,16, Pascal Beuret 17, Michael Darmon 11, Maxens Decavèle 1,2,3, Jean-Damien Ricard 18, Gerald Chanques 7, Alain Mercat 10, Matthieu Schmidt 3,8,9, and Thomas Similowski 1,19; for the REVA Network (Research Network in Mechanical Ventilation)
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1857OC
Rationale: Dyspnea is a traumatic experience. Only limited information is available on dyspnea in intubated critically ill patients.
Cigarette Smoke Exposure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Sepsis: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Biologic Markers
Farzad Moazed 1,2,3, Carolyn Hendrickson 1, Alejandra Jauregui 1, Jeffrey Gotts 1,2, Amanda Conroy 4, Kevin Delucchi 2,5, Hanjing Zhuo 6, Mikhaela Arambulo 7, Kathryn Vessel 1, Serena Ke 1, Thomas Deiss 1, Amy Ni 1, Aleksandra Leligdowicz 1, Jason Abbott 1, Mitchell J. Cohen 8, Pratik Sinha 1, Antonio Gomez 1, Kirsten Kangelaris 1, Lucy Kornblith 4, Michael Matthay 1,6,7, Neal Benowitz 1,2, Kathleen Liu 1, and Carolyn S. Calfee 1,2,6,7
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1098OC Â
Rationale: Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with an increased risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in trauma, transfusion, and nonpulmonary sepsis. It is unknown whether this relationship exists in the general sepsis population. Furthermore, it is unknown if patients with ARDS have differences in underlying biology based on smoking status.
Three-Month FVC Change: A Trial Endpoint for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis
Fasihul A. Khan 1,2, Iain Stewart 1,2,3, Samuel Moss 1,2,3, Laura Fabbri 1,2,3, Karen A. Robinson 4, Simon R. Johnson 1,2, and R. Gisli Jenkins 1,2,3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202109-2091OC
Rationale: Novel therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are in development, but there remains uncertainty about the optimal trial endpoint. An earlier endpoint would enable assessment of a greater number of therapies in adaptive trial designs.
Daily Exposure to Mild Intermittent Hypoxia Reduces Blood Pressure in Male Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension
Gino S. Panza 1,2, Shipra Puri 1,2, Ho-Sheng Lin 1,3, M. Safwan Badr 1,2,4, and Jason H. Mateika 1,2,4
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1808OC
Rationale: Daily exposure to mild intermittent hypoxia (MIH) may elicit beneficial cardiovascular outcomes.
Perioperative Cerebral Infarction Secondary to Pulmonary Vein Tumor Thrombus in a Patient with Lung Myxofibrosarcoma
Rong Ma 1*, Gui-Liang Wang 1*, Jian-Bin Liu 1, Li Cai 2‡, Peng Liu 1‡, and Xian-Zheng Tan 1‡
Bronchial Cast Hiding Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Takahiro Shimizu , Satoshi Watanabe , Akari Murata , and Kazuo Kasahara
Severe Acute Cor Pulmonale in Patients with COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Caution with Left Turn
Bruno Evrard 1,2*, Marine Goudelin 1,2, Julien Vaidie 1, Anne-Laure Fedou 1, and Philippe Vignon 1,2
Cyclosporin A Reveals Potent Antiviral Effects in Preclinical Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Lucie Sauerhering 1,2*, Irina Kuznetsova 3*, Alexandra Kupke 1, Lars Meier 1, Sandro Halwe 1, Cornelius Rohde 1, Jörg Schmidt 1, Rory E. Morty 3,4, Olga Danov 4,5, Armin Braun 4,5, István Vadász 3,4,6, Stephan Becker 1,2‡, and Susanne Herold 2,3,4,6‡§
Population Prevalence of Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure from Any Cause
Yewon Chung 1,2,3*, Frances L. Garden 1,3, Guy B. Marks 1,2,3, and Hima Vedam 1,2,3
Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography: Shining New Light on Diagnosing Usual Interstitial Pneumonitis?
Kirsten A. Kalverda 1*, Margherita Vaselli 2, Lizzy Wijmans 1, Daniel M. de Bruin 1, René E. Jonkers 1, Venerino Poletti 3,4, Johannes de Boer 2, Jouke T. Annema 1, and Peter I. Bonta 1
Reply to Kalverda et al.: Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography: Shining New Light on Diagnosing Usual Interstitial Pneumonitis?
Sreyankar Nandy 1,2*, Rebecca A. Raphaely 1,2*, Ashok Muniappan 1,2, Angela Shih 1,2, Benjamin W. Roop 1, Amita Sharma 1,2, Colleen M. Keyes 1,2, Thomas V. Colby 3, Hugh G. Auchincloss 1,2, Henning A. Gaissert 1,2, Michael Lanuti 1,2, Christopher R. Morse 1,2, Harald C. Ott 1,2, John C. Wain 1,2,4, Cameron D. Wright 1,2, Maria L. Garcia-Moliner 5, Maxwell L. Smith 3, Paul A. VanderLaan 2,6, Sarita R. Berigei 1, Mari Mino-Kenudson 1,2, Nora K. Horick 1,2, Lloyd L. Liang 1, Diane L. Davies 1, Margit V. Szabari 1,2, Peter Caravan 2,7,8, Benjamin D. Medoff 1,2, Andrew M. Tager 1,2†, Melissa J. Suter 1,2, and Lida P. Hariri 1,2‡ ... Show less
Global Initiative for Asthma 2021: Asthma in Preschool Children and Short-Acting β2-Agonist–Only Treatment
Eugenio Baraldi 1 and Giorgio Piacentini 2*
Reply to Baraldi and Piacentini: Global Initiative for Asthma 2021: Asthma in Preschool Children and Short-Acting β2-Agonist–Only Treatment
Liesbeth Duijts 1, Louise J. Fleming 2, Leonard B. Bacharier 3, Paulo M. Pitrez 4, and Helen K. Reddel 5,6*; on behalf of all the authors
Exercise Test to Check for Oxygen Desaturation
Thomas DeCato and Marianna Sockrider
doi : 10.1164/rccm.2058P15
