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COVID-19 Pathophysiology: An Opportunity to Start Appreciating Time-Dependent Variation
Lonneke A. van Vught and Lieuwe D. J. Bos
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202112-2857ED
Volume 205, Issue 5 | March 1 2022
Hospital Capacity Strain as a Window into the Value of ICU Admission: Some Answers, More Questions
Ian J. Barbash 1 and Hayley B. Gershengorn 2,3
Cystic Fibrosis: A Disease in Transformation, yet More Work to Be Done!
Bonnie W. Ramsey 1,2 and Scott C. Bell 3,4,5
Identifying the Risk of Acute Exacerbation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Step Forward
Carlo Vancheri 1 and Fabrizio Luppi 2
How Many More Nights? Diagnosing and Classifying Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Multinight Home Studies
Anita K. Simonds
Of Mice and Men, Women, and Children: Using Animal Models to Inform Tuberculosis Clinical Trials of Novel Agents
Neil W. Schluger
Management of Advanced Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Rohit Gupta 1, Marc A. Judson 2, and Robert P. Baughman 3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1366CI Â
The term “advanced sarcoidosis� is used for forms of sarcoidosis with a significant risk of loss of organ function or death. Advanced sarcoidosis often involves the lung and is described as “advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis� (APS), which includes advanced pulmonary fibrosis, associated complications such as bronchiectasis and infections, and pulmonary hypertension.
Alveolar, Endothelial, and Organ Injury Marker Dynamics in Severe COVID-19
Daniel E. Leisman 1,2, Arnav Mehta 3,4,5,6, B. Taylor Thompson 2,3, Nicole C. Charland 7*, Anna L. K. Gonye 4,8*, Irena Gushterova 4,8*, Kyle R. Kays 7*, Hargun K. Khanna 7*, Thomas J. LaSalle 4,8*, Kendall M. Lavin-Parsons 7*, Brendan M. Lilley 7*, Carl L. Lodenstein 7*, Kasidet Manakongtreecheep 4,8,9*, Justin D. Margolin 7*, Brenna N. McKaig 7*, Maricarmen Rojas-Lopez 3,10,11*, Brian C. Russo 3,10,11*, Nihaarika Sharma 4,8*, Jessica Tantivit 4,8,9*, Molly F. Thomas 4,8,9*, Blair Alden Parry 7, Alexandra-Chloé Villani 3,4,6, Moshe Sade-Feldman 3,4,6, Nir Hacohen 3,4,6, Michael R. Filbin 4,7,12, and Marcia B. Goldberg 3,4,10,11
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1514OC Â
Rationale: Alveolar and endothelial injury may be differentially associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) severity over time.
Association of ICU Admission and Outcomes in Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Failure
George L. Anesi 1,2,3, Vincent X. Liu 4, Marzana Chowdhury 3, Dylan S. Small 5, Wei Wang 3, M. Kit Delgado 2,3,6, Brian Bayes 3, Erich Dress 3, Gabriel J. Escobar 4, and Scott D. Halpern 1,2,3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1350OC
Rationale: Many decisions to admit patients to the ICU are not grounded in evidence regarding who benefits from such triage, straining ICU capacity and limiting its cost-effectiveness.
Clinical Effectiveness of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in People with Cystic Fibrosis: A Clinical Trial
David P. Nichols 1,2, Alex C. Paynter 2, Sonya L. Heltshe 1,2, Scott H. Donaldson 3, Carla A. Frederick 4, Steven D. Freedman 5, Daniel Gelfond 6, Lucas R. Hoffman 1,7, Andrea Kelly 8,9, Michael R. Narkewicz 10,11, Jessica E. Pittman 12, Felix Ratjen 13, Margaret Rosenfeld 1,14, Scott D. Sagel 15, Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg 16, Pradeep K. Singh 7, George M. Solomon 17,18, Michael S. Stalvey 18,19, John P. Clancy 20, Shannon Kirby 2, Jill M. Van Dalfsen 2, Margaret H. Kloster 2, and Steven M. Rowe 17,18,19;
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1986OC
Rationale: The cystic fibrosis (CF) modulator drug, elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), proved highly effective in controlled clinical trials for individuals with at least one F508del allele, which occurs in at least 85% of people with CF.
Effects of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Therapy on CFTR Function in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and One or Two F508del Alleles
Simon Y. Graeber 1,2,3*, Constanze Vitzthum 1,3*, Sophia T. Pallenberg 4,5*, Lutz Naehrlich 6,7*, Mirjam Stahl 1,2,3, Alexander Rohrbach 1,3, Marika Drescher 1,3, Rebecca Minso 4, Felix C. Ringshausen 5,8, Claudia Rueckes-Nilges 6, Jan Klajda 6, Julian Berges 9,10, Yin Yu 9,10, Heike Scheuermann 9,10, Stephanie Hirtz 9,10, Olaf Sommerburg 9,10‡, Anna-Maria Dittrich 4,5‡, Burkhard Tümmler 4,5‡, and Marcus A. Mall 1,2,3‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202110-2249OC Â
Rationale: The CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) modulator combination elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) was shown to improve clinical outcomes and sweat chloride concentration in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and one or two F508del alleles. However, the effect of ELX/TEZ/IVA on CFTR function in the airways and intestine has not been studied.
Candidate Role for Toll-like Receptor 3 L412F Polymorphism and Infection in Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Aoife N. McElroy 1, Rachele Invernizzi 2, Joanna W. Laskowska 1, Andrew O’Neill 1, Mohammad Doroudian 3, Mohsen Moghoofei 4, Shayan Mostafaei 5, Feng Li 6, Alexander A. Przybylski 6, David N. O’Dwyer 7, Andrew G. Bowie 8, Padraic G. Fallon 1,9,10, Toby M. Maher 2,11, Cory M. Hogaboam 12, Philip L. Molyneaux 2,11, Nik Hirani 6,13, Michelle E. Armstrong 1*, and Seamas C. Donnelly 1,14*
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202010-3880OC
Rationale: The Toll-like receptor 3 Leu412Phe (TLR3 L412F) polymorphism attenuates cellular antiviral responses and is associated with accelerated disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The role of TLR3 L412F in bacterial infection in IPF or in acute exacerbations (AE) has not been reported.
Multinight Prevalence, Variability, and Diagnostic Misclassification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Bastien Lechat 1, Ganesh Naik 1, Amy Reynolds 1, Atqiya Aishah 1,2, Hannah Scott 1, Kelly A. Loffler 1, Andrew Vakulin 1, Pierre Escourrou 3, R. Doug McEvoy 1, Robert J. Adams 1, Peter G. Catcheside 1, and Show All…
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1761OC Â
Rationale: Recent studies suggest that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity can vary markedly from night to night, which may have important implications for diagnosis and management.
Efficacy of Long-Acting Bedaquiline Regimens in a Mouse Model of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy
Amit Kaushik 1*, Nicole C. Ammerman 1*‡, Rokeya Tasneen 1, Sophie Lachau-Durand 2, Koen Andries 2, and Eric Nuermberger 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202012-4541OC
Rationale: Completion of preventive therapy is a major bottleneck in global tuberculosis control. Long-acting injectable drug formulations would shorten therapy administration and may thereby improve completion rates. Recently, a long-acting formulation of bedaquiline demonstrated antituberculosis activity for up to 12 weeks after injection in a validated mouse model of preventive therapy.
Massive Hemoptysis and Dyspnea in an 18-Year-Old Woman
Laurent Biquet 1, Hervé Quintard 1, Jérôme Pugin 1, Solange Moll 2, Sophie De Seigneux 3, Noémie Suh 1, and Simon Bourcier 1
Effects of Trunk Inclination on Respiratory Mechanics in Patients with COVID-19–associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Let’s Always Report the Angle!
Francesco Marrazzo 1*, Stefano Spina 1*, Clarissa Forlini 1, Marcello Guarnieri 1, Riccardo Giudici 1, Gabriele Bassi 1, Luca Bastia 1, Maurizio Bottiroli 1, Roberto Fumagalli 1,2, and Thomas Langer 1,2‡
Major Decrease in Lung Transplantation for Patients with Cystic Fibrosis in France
Clémence Martin 1,2,3, Camille Legeai 4, Lucile Regard 1,2,3, Christelle Cantrelle 4, Richard Dorent 4, Nicolas Carlier 3,5, François Kerbaul 4, and Pierre-Régis Burgel 1,2,3*
Addition of 5% CO2 to Inspiratory Gas in Preventing Lung Injury Due to Pulmonary Artery Ligation
Ajay Kumar Jha *
Reply to Jha: Addition of 5% CO2 to Inspiratory Gas in Preventing Lung Injury Due to Pulmonary Artery Ligation
Elena Spinelli 1 and Tommaso Mauri 1,2*
Stimulating Neural Pathways to Reduce Mechanical Ventilation–associated Neurocognitive Dysfunction
Morteza Salimi 1, Farhad Tabasi 1, Sepideh Ghazvineh 1, Hamidreza Jamaati 2, Alireza Salimi 2, and Mohammad Reza Raoufy 1*
Reply to Salimi et al.: Stimulating Neural Pathways to Reduce Mechanical Ventilation–associated Neurocognitive Dysfunction
Thiago G. Bassi 1,2*, Elizabeth C. Rohrs 1,3, Karl C. Fernandez 1,3, Marlena Ornowska 1, Michelle Nicholas 1,3, Matt Gani 2, Doug Evans 2, and Steven C. Reynolds 1,3 +Author Affiliations
Treatment of Advanced-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Yaron Gesthalter , Robert Smyth , and Donald Sullivan
doi : 10.1164/rccm.2055P9
