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Flexible neuroendoscopy for endoscopic third ventriculostomy and fourth ventricular arachnoid cyst fenestration in an infant
Luis Fernandez MD , Melissa A. LoPresti MD, MPH , Jae Eun Lee BA , Michael DeCuypere MD, PhD , and Sandi K. Lam MD, MBA
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22437
Volume 31: Issue 5 (May 2023)
Arachnoid cysts of the fourth ventricle are rarely reported. Management options include CSF diversion, cyst fenestration, or cyst excision.
Risk factors of congenital hydrocephalus: a case-control study in a lower-middle-income country (Egypt)
Taher M. Ali MD, MSc , Reem Elwy MBBCh, MRCS , Bassante Abdelrazik MSc , Mohamed A. R. Soliman MD, MSc, PhD , Mohamed F. Alsawy MD, MSc , Ahmed Abdullah MD, MSc , Eman Ahmed , Shurouk Zaki MBBCh , Amany A. Salem MSc , Mohamed A. Katri MBBCh , Mostafa Elhamaky MBBCh, MRCS, MSc , Haitham Kandel MD, MSc , Ahmed A. Marei MD, MSc , Ahmed Al Menabbawy MD, MSc , Ahmed M. F. Ghoul MD, MSc , Ahmed A. Hafez MD, MSc , Sarah Abdelbar MBBCH, MRCS , Reham Khaled Moharam MBBCH , Ayman Hany MD, MSc , Ahmed Hasanin MD, MSc , Sascha Marx MD, PhD , Steffen Fleck MD, PhD , Jörg Baldauf MD , Henry W. S. Schroeder MD, PhD , Ehab El Refaee MD, MSc , and Ahmed Zohdi MD, MSc
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22321
Hydrocephalus is the most common brain disorder in children and is more common in low- and middle-income countries. Research output on hydrocephalus remains sparse and of lower quality in low- and middle-income countries compared with high-income countries.
Parental sensitivity and specificity to recognize shunt malfunction in their child: a single-center prospective study
Amparo Saenz MD , Santiago Cicutti MD , Romina Argañaraz MD , Beatriz Mantese MD , and Diego Giunta PhD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22520
The objective of this study was to estimate the diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value) for recognizing ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) failure in the parents of patients 0–18 years of age who attended the hospital’s emergency room (ER). The second objective was to identify the factors associated with the parents’ ability to recognize the shunt blockage (true positives).
Risk factors for posttraumatic hydrocephalus after decompressive hemicraniectomy in pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury
Irim Salik MD , Sima Vazquez MS , Arjun Syal BS , Ankita Das BS , Ariel Sacknovitz MS , Eris Spirollari BA , Jose F. Dominguez MD , Matthew Wecksell MD , Dylan Stewart MD , and Jared M. Pisapia MD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22525
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) play a significant role in pediatric mortality and morbidity. Decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) is a treatment option for severe pediatric TBI (pTBI) not amenable to medical management of intracranial pressure.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for shunt malfunction in the pediatric population: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis
Keng Siang Lee MBChB, MRes , Aswin Chari BMBCh , Conor S. Gillespie MBChB, MPhil , Justyna O. Ekert PhD , Seyed Ehsan Saffari PhD , Greg James MBBS, PhD , and Kristian Aquilina MD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22427
Despite growing published evidence of the merits of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) instead of shunt revision at the time of shunt malfunction (secondary ETV), concerns about its efficacy and complications remain and ETV is still not used widely in this context. This study aimed to carry out a comprehensive meta-analysis and reports on the success and safety of secondary ETV in the pediatric age group.
Understanding and identifying the needs of parent caregivers of children with hydrocephalus: a qualitative study
Katherine Barnes MD, MSPH , Kathrin Zimmerman MD, MSPH , Ivan Herbey MD, MPH , Anastasia Arynchyna-Smith MPH , Bobby May MD , Caroline Arata Wessinger MD , Laura E. Dreer PhD , Lieu Thompson MPH , Nataliya V. Ivankova PhD, MPH , Curtis J. Rozzelle MD , James M. Johnston MD , Jeffrey P. Blount MD, MPH , and Brandon G. Rocque MD, MS
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22425
Hydrocephalus is inherently unpredictable. Most parents whose child is diagnosed with hydrocephalus do not anticipate the diagnosis, nor can anyone predict if or when a child’s shunt will fail and require emergency surgery.
A multicenter initiative to reduce intrathecal baclofen pump surgical site infection: a Cerebral Palsy Research Network quality improvement project
Robert J. Bollo MD , Paul H. Gross BA , Brandon G. Rocque MD, MS , Samuel R. Browd MD, PhD , Jeffrey S. Raskin MD, MS , Jeffrey R. Leonard MD , Lama Albarqawi MS , Amy F. Bailes PT, PhD , and for the Cerebral Palsy Research Network (CPRN)
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22368
Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy is an effective treatment for spasticity and dystonia in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, ITB pump surgery is associated with one of the highest rates of surgical site infection (SSI) in medicine, leading to significant morbidity and expense.
Comparison of neurocognitive and quality-of-life outcomes in pediatric craniopharyngioma patients treated with partial resection and radiotherapy versus gross-total resection only
Guillermo Aldave MD, PhD , M. Fatih Okcu MD, MPH , Murali Chintagumpala MD , Lucia Ruggieri PA-C , Charles G. Minard PhD , Fatema Malbari MD , Lisa E. Mash PhD , Arnold C. Paulino MD , Susan McGovern MD , Uma Ramaswamy MD , William Whitehead MD , and Lisa S. Kahalley PhD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22367
The optimal management of pediatric craniopharyngioma patients remains controversial, shifting from radical resection (gross-total resection [GTR]) to a more conservative approach with partial resection/biopsy followed by radiotherapy (PR+RT).
A comparison of incidental and symptomatic unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations in children
Alex Y. Lu MD , Ethan A. Winkler MD, PhD , Joseph H. Garcia BS , Kunal P. Raygor MD , Heather J. Fullerton MD, MAS , Christine K. Fox MD, MAS , Helen Kim PhD , Kurtis I. Auguste MD , Peter P. Sun MD , Steven W. Hetts MD , Michael T. Lawton MD , Adib A. Abla MD , and Nalin Gupta MD, PhD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22541
Patients with unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may present with headaches, seizures, and/or neurological deficits. A smaller number of cases may be discovered incidentally.
External validation of the R2eD AVM scoring system to assess rupture risk in pediatric AVM patients
Shivani D. Rangwala MD , John S. Albanese BS , Anna L. Slingerland BS , Joanna E. Papadakis BS , Daniel S. Weber BS , Edward R. Smith MD , R. Michael Scott MD , and Alfred P. See MD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22310
The assessment of hemorrhagic risk is of central importance in the management of pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).
Development of a clinical model to predict vagus nerve stimulation response in pediatric patients with drug-resistant epilepsy
Nallammai Muthiah BS , Arka N. Mallela MD, MS , Lena Vodovotz BS , Nikhil Sharma MS , Emefa Akwayena BS , Evelyn Pan MPH , William Welch MD , George M. Ibrahim MD , and Taylor J. Abel MD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22312
Epilepsy impacts 470,000 children in the United States. For patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and unresectable seizure foci, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a treatment option. Predicting response to VNS has been historically challenging. The objective of this study was to create a clinical VNS prediction tool for use in an outpatient setting.
Management of asymptomatic cutaneous lumbosacral findings in newborns: a neurosurgical perspective
Janelle L. Aby MD , Brandon G. Rocque MD, MS , and Jaspreet Loyal MD, MS
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22453
The purpose of this study was to find areas of agreement among pediatric neurosurgeons with respect to the clinical management of asymptomatic newborns with a variety of lumbosacral skin findings.
Effects of intraoperative motor evoked potential amplification following tetanic stimulation of the pudendal nerve in pediatric craniotomy
Ryota Sasaki MD , Kentaro Tamura MD, PhD , Shintaro Yamazaki MD , Tae Kyun Kim MD , Tsunenori Takatani PhD , Hironobu Hayashi MD, PhD , Yasushi Motoyama MD, PhD , Ichiro Nakagawa MD, PhD , Young-Soo Park MD, PhD , Masahiko Kawaguchi MD, PhD , and Hiroyuki Nakase MD, PhD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22505
Monitoring the intraoperative motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in pediatric craniotomy is challenging because of its low detection rate, which makes it unreliable.
Establishing language laterality: does resting-state functional MRI help?
Sumit Singh MD , Mustafa S. M. Alhasan MBBS , Zhiyue Wang PhD , Rebekah Clarke MD , Yin Xi PhD , Joseph A. Maldjian MD , Ben Wagner BS , and Timothy Booth MD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22497
Task-based functional MRI (tb-fMRI) is now considered the standard, noninvasive technique in establishing language laterality in children for surgical planning. The evaluation can be limited due to several factors such as age, language barriers, and developmental and cognitive delays.
Cerebral pressure autoregulation and optimal cerebral perfusion pressure during neurocritical care of children with traumatic brain injury
Fartein Velle MD , Anders Lewe�n MD, PhD , Timothy Howells PhD , Anders Hånell PhD , Pelle Nilsson MD, PhD , and Per Enblad MD, PhD
doi : 10.3171/2023.1.PEDS22352
The management of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is a challenge in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) because the normal blood pressure is age dependent and the role of cerebral pressure autoregulation (CPA) is unclear.
