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Rurality index score and pediatric neuro-oncological outcome in Ontario
Michelle Masayo Kameda-Smith PhD , Gregory R. Pond PhD , and Hsien Seow PhD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22446
Volume 31: Issue 4 (Apr 2023)
Rapid access to neurosurgical decisions and definitive management are vital for the outcome of neurocritical patients. There are unique challenges associated with the provision of services required to maintain critical infrastructure for rural citizens. Given that a relationship between rurality, marginalization, and health outcomes has been identified as associated with higher mortality rates and higher rates of many diseases, the authors studied whether worse clinical outcomes were associated with rurality in pediatric neuro-oncological disease.
Weathering the storm: a single-institution experience with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after brain tumor resection in pediatric patients
Samantha M. Bouchal BS , Ryan M. Naylor MD, PhD , and David J. Daniels MD, PhD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22369
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a complication of severe traumatic or hypoxic brain injury characterized by transient episodes of tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension, hyperthermia, diaphoresis, and/or dystonic posturing.
Risk factors of intraoperative blood loss and transfusion for pediatric patients undergoing brain tumor removal: a retrospective cohort study
Na Zhang MM , Yingyi Xu MM , Xinke Xu MM , Cheng Chen MD , Yubing Guo BS , and Yonghong Tan MD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22252
Intraoperative blood loss is a major challenge in pediatric brain tumor removal. Several clinical and surgical factors may influence the occurrence of intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion for pediatric patients undergoing brain tumor removal.
Hydrocephalus in patients with encephalocele: introduction of a scoring system for estimating the likelihood of hydrocephalus based on an 11-year experience from a tertiary center
Samuel B. Kankam MD , Amirhosein Nejat MD , Amin Tavallaii MD, MSc , Keyvan Tayebi Meybodi MD , Zohreh Habibi MD, MSc , and Farideh Nejat MD, MPH
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22475
The goal of this study was to investigate and identify the predictors associated with the incidence of hydrocephalus requiring shunt insertion in patients with encephalocele (EC), and to develop a scoring system to estimate the probability of hydrocephalus occurrence over time in these patients.
Long-tunneled versus short-tunneled external ventricular drain: a quasi-experimental study in a cohort of pediatric patients
Amparo Saenz MD , Juan Pablo Mengide MD , Romina Argañaraz MD , and Beatriz Mantese MD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22510
The primary aim of this study was to compare external ventricular drain (EVD)–related infection rates and mechanical complications between long-tunneled EVDs (LTEVDs) with an interposed valve and short-tunneled EVDs (STEVDs) in a cohort of pediatric patients. The second objective was to compare hospital resources used for LTEVDs versus STEVDs in the same cohort of patients and the same study period.
Incisional CSF leakage after intradural cranial surgery in children: incidence, risk factors, and complications
Emma M. H. Slot MD , Tristan P. C. van Doormaal MD, PhD , Kirsten M. van Baarsen MD, PhD , Niklaus Krayenbühl MD , Luca Regli MD , Menno R. Germans MD, PhD , and Eelco W. Hoving MD, PhD
doi : 10.3171/2022.11.PEDS22421
The risk of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage after cranial surgery and its associated complications in children are unclear because of variable definitions and the lack of multicenter studies. In this study, the authors aimed to establish the incidence of CSF leakage after intradural cranial surgery in the pediatric population. In addition, they evaluated potential risk factors and complications related to CSF leakage in the pediatric population.
Can ventricular 3D ultrasound of neonates with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus inform on the need for a ventriculoperitoneal shunt?
Priyanka Roy MSc, MBBS , Marcus Lo BSc , David Tessier PhD , Jessica Kishimoto PhD , Soume Bhattacharya MD , Roy Eagleson PhD, PEng , Aaron Fenster PhD , and Sandrine de Ribaupierre MD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22303
Some neonates born prematurely with intraventricular hemorrhage develop posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and require lifelong treatment to divert the flow of CSF. Early prediction of the eventual need for a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is difficult, and early discussions with families are based on statistics and the grade of hemorrhage.
Postoperative seizure freedom after vagus nerve stimulator placement in children 6 years of age and younger
Pedram Maleknia MBA , Timothy D. McWilliams BA , Ariana Barkley MD , Dagoberto Estevez-Ordonez MD , Curtis Rozzelle MD , and Jeffrey P. Blount MD, MPH
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22302
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) implantation is limited to patients older than 4 years of age with medically refractory partial-onset seizures. In younger children with severe generalized epilepsy, however, VNS implantation remains off-label.
Central quadrantotomy for intractable childhood epilepsy: operative technique and functional neuroanatomy
Giulia Cossu MD , Viviana Aureli MD , Eliane Roulet-Perez MD , Cynthia Thomas MD , Jeffery S. Marston MD , Etienne Pralong MD , Mahmoud Messerer MD, MSc , Pablo González-López MD , and Roy T. Daniel MD
doi : 10.3171/2022.11.PEDS22356
Refractory subhemispheric epilepsy has been traditionally treated by resection. The last few decades have seen the emergence of disconnective techniques, for both hemispheric and subhemispheric disease. The aim of this study was to describe the technique for a disconnective surgery for large epileptogenic lesions involving the central (perirolandic cortices), parietal, and occipital lobes.
Comparison of surgical interventions for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Gloria Kim BS , Sally El Sammak MD , Giorgos D. Michalopoulos MD , William Mualem BS , Zachariah W. Pinter MD , Brett A. Freedman MD , and Mohamad Bydon MD
doi : 10.3171/2022.8.PEDS22156
Several growth-preserving surgical techniques are employed in the management of early-onset scoliosis (EOS). The authors’ objective was to compare the use of traditional growing rods (TGRs), magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs), Shilla growth guidance techniques, and vertically expanding prosthetic titanium ribs (VEPTRs) for the management of EOS.
Clinical outcomes of the traditional dual growing rod technique combined with apical pedicle screws in the treatment of early-onset scoliosis: preliminary results from a single center
Yang Yang MD , Zhe Su MD , Shengru Wang MD , You Du MD , Yiwei Zhao MD , Guanfeng Lin MD , Xiaohan Ye MD , Nan Wu MD , Qianyu Zhuang MD , and Terry Jianguo Zhang MD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22383
Limited control of an apical deformity is a major disadvantage in the traditional dual growing rod (TDGR) technique. Previous literature has reported the results of apical pedicle screw placement (APS) as an apical control technique in patients with early-onset scoliosis (EOS).
Neurosurgical management of proton beam therapy–induced moyamoya syndrome
Catherine H. Zhang  MBBChir, MA(Cantab), MRCS , William Muirhead  MBBS , Adikarige H. D. Silva  MBBChir, MPhil(Cantab) , Claire Toolis , Fergus Robertson  MD , Adam Rennie  MBBS , Sanjay Bhate  MBBS, MRCP, MRCPCH , Dominic N. P. Thompson  MBBS , Vijeya Ganesan  MD , and Greg James  MBBS, PhD
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22423
Proton beam therapy (PBT) is an increasingly used treatment modality for pediatric patients with brain tumors. Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is well recognized as a complication of traditional photon radiotherapy, however its association with PBT is less well described. The authors discuss their initial experience with the neurosurgical management of MMS secondary to PBT in a large-volume pediatric neurovascular service.
Influence of the living Pareto chart and data transparency on patient outcomes in neurosurgery
Helen H. Shi MD , Sixia Chen PhD , Laura Propester PA-C , Jami Valenzuela APRN, CNP , Joanna Gernsback MD , Virendra R. Desai MD , Karl Balsara MD , Kristin Zieles MBA , and Andrew Jea MD, MBA, MHA
doi : 10.3171/2022.12.PEDS22339
Quality improvement (QI) tools are increasingly being used to calibrate healthcare quality. Achieving healthcare quality is essential, as there is a movement toward value-based healthcare delivery. Visual management, such as a living Pareto chart, is a strategy for improvement within the QI framework. The authors herein hypothesized that transparency of data through a living Pareto chart is a powerful way to improve patient outcomes and gain clinical efficiency.
Erratum. Comparison of surgical interventions for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mohamad Bydon MD
Letter to the Editor. Ruptured AVMs in children
David C. Lauzier BS , Anja I. Srienc MD, PhD , Samuel J. Cler BS , and Joshua W. Osbun MD, MSCI
