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Fifth Annual Go Red for Women Issue
Sana M. Al-Khatib, Joseph A. Hill, Biykem Bozkurt
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.053478
Circulation. 2021;143:613–614
Cascading Effects of COVID-19 on Women in Cardiology
Nosheen Reza, Ersilia M. DeFilippis, Erin D. Michos
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049792
Circulation. 2021;143:615–617
Efficacy of Neprilysin Inhibition in Women With HFpEF
Lauren B. Cooper, Annunziata Cotugno, Christopher deFilippi
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046634
Circulation. 2021;143:618–620
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Sonia V. Shah, Anthony A. Bavry, Dharam J. Kumbhani
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052345
Circulation. 2021;143:621–623
Coronary Optical Coherence Tomography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Determine Underlying Causes of Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries in Women
Harmony R. Reynolds, Akiko Maehara, Raymond Y. Kwong, Tara Sedlak, Jacqueline Saw, Nathaniel R. Smilowitz, Ehtisham Mahmud, Janet Wei, Kevin Marzo, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Ayako Seno, Anais Hausvater, Caitlin Giesler, Nisha Jhalani, Catalin Toma, Bryan Har, Dwithiya Thomas, Laxmi S. Mehta, Jeffrey Trost, Puja K. Mehta, Bina Ahmed, Kevin R. Bainey, Yuhe Xia, Binita Shah, Michael Attubato, Sripal Bangalore, Louai Razzouk, Ziad A. Ali, Noel Bairey Merz, Ki Park, Ellen Hada, Hua Zhong, Judith S. Hochman
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052008
Circulation. 2021;143:624–640
Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) occurs in 6% to 15% of myocardial infarctions (MIs) and disproportionately affects women. Scientific statements recommend multimodality imaging in MINOCA to define the underlying cause. We performed coronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to assess mechanisms of MINOCA.
Gender-Based Differences in Outcomes Among Resuscitated Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Purav Mody, Ambarish Pandey, Arthur S. Slutsky, Matthew W. Segar, Alex Kiss, Paul Dorian, Janet Parsons, Damon C. Scales, Valeria E. Rac, Sheldon Cheskes, Arlene S. Bierman, Beth L. Abramson, Sara Gray, Rob A. Fowler, Katie N. Dainty, Ahamed H. Idris, Laurie Morrison
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050427
Circulation. 2021;143:641–649
Studies examining gender-based differences in outcomes of patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have demonstrated that, despite a higher likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation, women do not have higher survival.
Trends in Recurrent Coronary Heart Disease After Myocardial Infarction Among US Women and Men Between 2008 and 2017
Sanne A.E. Peters, Lisandro D. Colantonio, Yuling Dai, Hong Zhao, Vera Bittner, Michael E. Farkouh, Paul Dluzniewski, Bharat Poudel, Paul Muntner, Mark Woodward
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047065
Circulation. 2021;143:650–660
Rates for recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) events have declined in the United States. However, few studies have assessed whether this decline has been similar among women and men.
Association Between Sex and Treatment Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Versus Drug Therapy
Andrea M. Russo, Emily P. Zeitler, Anna Giczewska, Adam P. Silverstein, Hussein R. Al-Khalidi, Yong-Mei Cha, Kristi H. Monahan, Tristram D. Bahnson, Daniel B. Mark, Douglas L. Packer, Jeanne E. Poole, and For the CABANA Investigators
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051558
Circulation. 2021;143:661–672
Among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), women are less likely to receive catheter ablation and may have more complications and less durable results. Most information about sex-specific differences after ablation comes from observational data. We prespecified an examination of outcomes by sex in the 2204-patient CABANA trial (Catheter Ablation Versus Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation).
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety Outcomes of Edoxaban in 8040 Women Versus 13 065 Men With Atrial Fibrillation in the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial
Thomas A. Zelniker, Maddalena Ardissino, Felicita Andreotti, Michelle L. O’Donoghue, Ophelia Yin, Jeong-Gun Park, Sabina A. Murphy, Christian T. Ruff, Hans J. Lanz, Elliott M. Antman, Eugene Braunwald, Robert P. Giugliano, Piera Angelica Merlini
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052216
Circulation. 2021;143:673–684
Female sex is an independent risk factor for stroke and systemic embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. This study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety profile of edoxaban in women versus men.
Sex, Permanent Drug Discontinuation, and Study Retention in Clinical Trials
Emily S. Lau, Eugene Braunwald, David A. Morrow, Robert P. Giugliano, Elliott M. Antman, C. Michael Gibson, Benjamin M. Scirica, Erin A. Bohula, Stephen D. Wiviott, Deepak L. Bhatt, Marc P. Bonaca, Christopher P. Cannon, KyungAh Im, Jianping Guo, Marc S. Sabatine, Michelle L. O’Donoghue
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052339
Circulation. 2021;143:685–695
Women are underrepresented across cardiovascular clinical trials. Whether women are more likely than men to prematurely discontinue study drug or withdraw consent once enrolled in a clinical trial is unknown.
Adherence to Study Drugs
Sofia Sederholm Lawesson, Eva Swahn, Joakim Alfredsson
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.053493
Circulation. 2021;143:696–698
Cardiac Remodeling During Pregnancy With Metabolic Syndrome
Yijun Yang, Justin Kurian, Giana Schena, Jaslyn Johnson, Hajime Kubo, Joshua G. Travers, Chunya Kang, Anna Maria Lucchese, Deborah M. Eaton, Maoting Lv, Na Li, Lorianna G. Leynes, Daohai Yu, Fengzhen Yang, Timothy A. McKinsey, Raj Kishore, Mohsin Khan, Sadia Mohsin, Steven R. Houser
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051264
Circulation. 2021;143:699–712
The heart undergoes physiological hypertrophy during pregnancy in healthy individuals. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now prevalent in women of child-bearing age and might add risks of adverse cardiovascular events during pregnancy. The present study asks if cardiac remodeling during pregnancy in obese individuals with MetS is abnormal and whether this predisposes them to a higher risk for cardiovascular disorders.
Sex-Stratified Gene Regulatory Networks Reveal Female Key Driver Genes of Atherosclerosis Involved in Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching
Robin J.G. Hartman, Katie Owsiany, Lijiang Ma, Simon Koplev, Ke Hao, Lotte Slenders, Mete Civelek, Michal Mokry, Jason C. Kovacic, Gerard Pasterkamp, Gary Owens, Johan L.M. Bj?rkegren, Hester M. den Ruijter
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051231
Circulation. 2021;143:713–726
Although sex differences in coronary artery disease are widely accepted with women developing more stable atherosclerosis than men, the underlying pathobiology of such differences remains largely unknown. In coronary artery disease, recent integrative systems biological studies have inferred gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Within these GRNs, key driver genes have shown great promise but have thus far been unidentified in women.
Maternal Stroke
Islam Y. Elgendy, Syed Bukhari, Amr F. Barakat, Carl J. Pepine, Kathryn J. Lindley, Eliza C. Miller, and On behalf of the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Disease in Women Committee
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051460
Circulation. 2021;143:727–738
Maternal mortality rates have been steadily increasing in the United States, and cardiovascular mortality is the leading cause of death among pregnant and postpartum women. Maternal stroke accounts for a significant burden of cardiovascular mortality. Data suggest that rates of maternal stroke have been increasing in recent years. Advancing maternal age at the time of birth and the increasing prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and other risk factors, as well, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, migraine, and infections, may contribute to increased rates of maternal stroke. In this article, we provide an overview of the epidemiology of maternal stroke, explore mechanisms that may explain increasing rates of stroke among pregnant women, and identify key knowledge gaps for future investigation in this area.
Sex-Related Differences in Cardiac Channelopathies
Babken Asatryan, Lauren Yee, Yael Ben-Haim, Stephan Dobner, Helge Servatius, Laurent Roten, Hildegard Tanner, Lia Crotti, Jonathan R. Skinner, Carol Ann Remme, Philippe Chevalier, Argelia Medeiros-Domingo, Elijah R. Behr, Tobias Reichlin, Katja E. Odening, Andrew D. Krahn
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048250
Circulation. 2021;143:739–752
Sex-related differences in prevalence, clinical presentation, and outcome of cardiac channelopathies are increasingly recognized, despite their autosomal transmission and hence equal genetic predisposition among sexes. In congenital long-QT syndrome, adult women carry a greater risk for Torsades de pointes and sudden cardiac death than do men. In contrast, Brugada syndrome is observed predominantly in adult men, with a considerably higher risk of arrhythmic sudden cardiac death in adult men than in women. In both conditions, the risk for arrhythmias varies with age. Sex-associated differences appear less evident in other cardiac channelopathies, likely a reflection of their rare(r) occurrence and our limited knowledge. In several cardiac channelopathies, sex-specific predictors of outcome have been identified. Together with genetic and environmental factors, sex hormones contribute to the sex-related disparities in cardiac channelopathies through modulation of the expression and function of cardiac ion channels. Despite these insights, essential knowledge gaps exist in the mechanistic understanding of these differences, warranting further investigation. Precise application of the available knowledge may improve the individualized care of patients with cardiac channelopathies. Promoting the reporting of sex-related phenotype and outcome parameters in clinical and experimental studies and advancing research on cardiac channelopathy animal models should translate into improved patient outcomes. This review provides a critical digest of the current evidence for sex-related differences in cardiac channelopathies and emphasizes their clinical implications and remaining gaps requiring further research.
Rising Prepregnancy Hypertension, Preeclampsia Disparities Raise Alarm
Bridget M. Kuehn
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.053190
Circulation. 2021;143:753–754
Temporal Trends in the Proportion of Women Physician Speakers at Major Cardiovascular Conferences
Celina M. Yong, Sowmya Balasubramanian, Pamela S. Douglas, Prachi Agarwal, Ulrika Birgersdotter-Green, Santosh Gummidipundi, Wayne Batchelor, Claire S. Duvernoy, Robert A. Harrington, Roxana Mehran
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052663
Circulation. 2021;143:755–757
Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Young Women
Orianne Weizman, Ardalan Sharifzadehgan, Wulfran Bougouin, Kumar Narayanan, Noémie Tence, Florence Dumas, Victor Waldmann, Lionel Lamhaut, Daniel Jost, Karim Wahbi, Olivier Varenne, Rodrigue Garcia, Nicole Karam, Alain Cariou, Xavier Jouven, Eloi Marijon,
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052219
Circulation. 2021;143:758–760
Sex Differences in Blood Pressure Associations With Cardiovascular Outcomes
Hongwei Ji, Teemu J. Niiranen, Florian Rader, Mir Henglin, Andy Kim, Joseph E. Ebinger, Brian Claggett, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Susan Cheng
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049360
Circulation. 2021;143:761–763
Regional Heterogeneity in the Coronary Vascular Response in Women With Chest Pain and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Malik Elharram, Elizabeth Hillier, Selwynne Hawkins, Yoko Mikami, Bobak Heydari, Naeem Merchant, James A. White, Todd Anderson, Matthias G. Friedrich, Louise Pilote
doi : 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052520
Circulation. 2021;143:764–766
Ten-Year Differences in Women’s Awareness Related to Coronary Heart Disease: Results of the 2019 American Heart Association National Survey: A Special Report From the American Heart Association
Mary Cushman, Christina M. Shay, Virginia J. Howard, Monik C. Jiménez, Jennifer Lewey, Jean C. McSweeney, L. Kristin Newby, Ram Poudel, Harmony R. Reynolds, Kathryn M. Rexrode, Mario Sims, Lori J. Mosca, and On behalf of the American Heart Association
doi : 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000907
Circulation. 2021;143:e239–e248
High awareness that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death (LCOD) among women is critical to prevention. This study evaluated longitudinal trends in this awareness among women.
Correction to: Call to Action to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association
doi : 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000956
Circulation. 2021;143:e249
