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A fuller picture? National registry studies and the assessment of corneal graft outcomes
Emma J Hollick
Patient-reported outcome measures should not be the primary outcome in glaucoma clinical trials of disease modification
Alessandro Rabiolo1, Keith Barton1, Andrew Ian McNaught2
doi : 10.1136/bjo-2021-320722
Bézier curves as a total approach to measure the upper lid contour: redefining clinical outcomes in palpebral surgery
Fernando J Huelin, Marco Sales-Sanz, Cristina Ye-Zhu, Antonio Augusto V Cruz, Francisco J Muñoz-Negrete, Gema Rebolleda
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319666
Aims To define and quantify the upper lid contour by adapting Bézier curves with a newly developed software in normal subjects, assessing their reliability.
Psychosocial and mental health disorders among a population-based, case–control cohort of patients with congenital upper eyelid ptosis
Tina M Hendricks, Gregory J Griepentrog, David O Hodge, Brian G Mohney
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319276
Background/Aim Recent studies have demonstrated adverse psychosocial and mental health disorders among children with ocular disorders. The mental health burden of children with simple congenital ptosis, however, is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the psychosocial and mental health findings of children with simple congenital ptosis with controls.
Rebubbling and graft failure in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty: a prospective Dutch registry study
Suryan Dunker, Bjorn Winkens, Frank van den Biggelaar, Rudy Nuijts, Pieter Jan Kruit, Mor Dickman
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317041
Aims To identify risk factors for rebubbling, and early graft failure after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).
Factors predictive of cystoid macular oedema following endothelial keratoplasty: a single-centre review of 2233 cases
James Myerscough, Harry William Roberts, Angeli Christy Yu, Michael Mimouni, Luca Furiosi, Matteo Mandrioli, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Massimo Busin
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318076
Aims To describe the incidence of postoperative cystoid macular oedema (CMO) after endothelial keratoplasty (EK) and to identify its contributory risk factors.
Effectiveness of community outreach screening for glaucoma in improving equity and access to eye care in Nigeria
Olusola Oluyinka Olawoye, Olufunmilayo Fawole, Adeyinka O Ashaye, Ving Fai Chan, Augusto Azuara-Blanco, Nathan Congdon
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319355
Purpose To determine the effectiveness of community outreach screening for glaucoma in improving equity and access to eye care in Nigeria.
Population-based associations between progression of normal-tension glaucoma and Yang-deficient constitution among Chinese persons
Lewei Tang, Liang Chen, Cong Ye, Jingwei Zheng, Yi Zhou, Yan Tao, Qiangjie Huang, Xiaoyan Wang, Xiao Shang, Xiafei Pan, Nathan Congdon, Yuanbo Liang
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319210
Purpose To explore the association between constitution types as defined by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and risk for normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).
Expansion of patient eligibility for virtual glaucoma clinics: a long-term strategy to increase the capacity of high-quality glaucoma care
Eleni Nikita, Gus Gazzard, Dawn A Sim, Sandro Fasolo, Karsten Kortum, Hari Jayaram
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318556
Aims The virtual glaucoma clinic (VGC) is a well-established diagnostic pathway for delivery of glaucoma care. Current UK national guidance recommends VGCs for patients with ocular hypertension, glaucoma suspects or early glaucoma. This study evaluates whether expanded eligibility criteria, including other glaucoma phenotypes and disease stages, can deliver safe and effective care with a positive patient experience.
Wide-field optical coherence tomography deviation map for early glaucoma detection
Hyungjun Kim, Hae Min Park, Hyo Chan Jeong, So Yeon Moon, Hyunsoo Cho, Han Woong Lim, Mincheol Seong, Junhong Park, Won June Lee
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319509
Background/aims This study aimed to establish a wide-field optical coherence tomography (OCT) deviation map obtained from swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) scans. Moreover, it also aimed to compare the diagnostic ability of this wide-field deviation map with that of the peripapillary and macular deviation maps currently being used for the detection of early glaucoma (EG).
Laser goniopuncture after deep sclerectomy: incidence, long-term outcomes and risk factors for failure
Alessandro Rabiolo, Duncan Leadbetter, Jonathan Kirk, Nitin Anand
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319314
Aims To report the incidence, risk factors and long-term outcomes of laser goniopuncture (LGP) in patients with previous deep sclerectomy (DS).
Direct selective laser trabeculoplasty in open angle glaucoma study design: a multicentre, randomised, controlled, investigator-masked trial (GLAUrious)
Nathan Congdon, Augusto Azuara-Blanco, Yoram Solberg, Carlo E Traverso, Michele Iester, Carlo Alberto Cutolo, Alessandro Bagnis, Tin Aung, Scott J Fudemberg, Richard Lindstrom, Thomas Samuelson, Kuldev Singh, Eytan Z Blumenthal, Gus Gazzard
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319379
Introduction Laser trabeculoplasty is an effective and widely used treatment for glaucoma. A new laser technology, the Eagle direct selective laser trabeculoplasty (DSLT) device, may provide automated, fast, simple, safe and effective laser treatment for glaucoma in a broader range of clinical settings. This trial aims to test the hypothesis that translimbal DSLT is effective and not inferior to selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in open angle glaucoma (OAG).
Association between statin use and the risks of glaucoma in Australia: a 10-year cohort study
Yixiong Yuan, Wei Wang, Xianwen Shang, Ruilin Xiong, Jason Ha, Lei Zhang, Zhuoting Zhu, Mingguang He
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318789
Synopsis In a cohort of middle-aged and elderly Australians, we found that long-term statin use was associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset. As to subtypes of statins, the increased risk was only found in rosuvastatin users.
Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in treatment-naïve diabetic macular oedema: findings from the prospective, multicentre, AUSSIEDEX study
Samantha Fraser-Bell, Hyong Kwon Kang, Paul Mitchell, Jennifer J Arnold, Jodi Tainton, Susan Simonyi
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319070
Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of dexamethasone intravitreal implant 0.7 mg (DEX; Ozurdex) monotherapy in the patient subgroup of the AUSSIEDEX study with treatment-naïve diabetic macular oedema (DME).
Five-year outcomes of eyes initially enrolled in the 2-year BEVORDEX trial of bevacizumab or dexamethasone implants for diabetic macular oedema
Elisa E Cornish, Kelvin YC Teo, Mark C Gillies, Lyndell L Lim, Vuong Nguyen, Sanjeewa Wickremasinghe, Hemal Mehta, Ian L McAllister, Samantha Fraser-Bell
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319839
Background The BEVORDEX trial compared outcomes of eyes with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) randomised to receive either intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX-) implant or bevacizumab over 2 years. We assessed long-term efficacy and safety outcomes 5 years from enrolment.
Deep learning-based signal-independent assessment of macular avascular area on 6×6 mm optical coherence tomography angiogram in diabetic retinopathy: a comparison to instrument-embedded software
Honglian Xiong, Qi Sheng You, Yukun Guo, Jie Wang, Bingjie Wang, Liqin Gao, Christina J Flaxel, Steven T Bailey, Thomas S Hwang, Yali Jia
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318646
Synopsis A deep-learning-based macular extrafoveal avascular area (EAA) on a 6×6 mm optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiogram is less dependent on the signal strength and shadow artefacts, providing better diagnostic accuracy for diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity than the commercial software measured extrafoveal vessel density (EVD).
Accuracy of automated machine learning in classifying retinal pathologies from ultra-widefield pseudocolour fundus images
Fares Antaki, Razek Georges Coussa, Ghofril Kahwati, Karim Hammamji, Mikael Sebag, Renaud Duval
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319030
Aims Automated machine learning (AutoML) is a novel tool in artificial intelligence (AI). This study assessed the discriminative performance of AutoML in differentiating retinal vein occlusion (RVO), retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and retinal detachment (RD) from normal fundi using ultra-widefield (UWF) pseudocolour fundus images.
Does real-time artificial intelligence-based visual pathology enhancement of three-dimensional optical coherence tomography scans optimise treatment decision in patients with nAMD? Rationale and design of the RAZORBILL study
Frank G Holz, Rodrigo Abreu-Gonzalez, Francesco Bandello, Renaud Duval, Louise O'Toole, Daniel Pauleikhoff, Giovanni Staurenghi, Armin Wolf, Daniel Lorand, Andreas Clemens, Benjamin Gmeiner
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319211
Background/rationale Artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support tools, being developed across multiple fields in medicine, need to be evaluated for their impact on the treatment and outcomes of patients as well as optimisation of the clinical workflow.
Wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in the assessment of retinal microvasculature and choroidal thickness in patients with myopia
Jade Y. Moon, Itika Garg, Ying Cui, Raviv Katz, Ying Zhu, Rongrong Le, Yifan Lu, Edward S. Lu, Cassie A. Ludwig, Tobias Elze, David M. Wu, Dean Eliott, Joan W. Miller, Leo A. Kim, Deeba Husain, Demetrios G. Vavvas, John B. Miller
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319540
Background/aims Pathological myopia (PM) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. We aimed to evaluate microvascular and chorioretinal changes in different stages of myopia with wide-field (WF) swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Development and validation of a deep learning system to classify aetiology and predict anatomical outcomes of macular hole
Yu Xiao, Yijun Hu, Wuxiu Quan, Yahan Yang, Weiyi Lai, Xun Wang, Xiayin Zhang, Bin Zhang, Yuqing Wu, Qiaowei Wu, Baoyi Liu, Xiaomin Zeng, Zhanjie Lin, Ying Fang, Yu Hu, Songfu Feng, Ling Yuan, Hongmin Cai, Tao Li, Haotian Lin, Honghua Yu
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318844
Aims To develop a deep learning (DL) model for automatic classification of macular hole (MH) aetiology (idiopathic or secondary), and a multimodal deep fusion network (MDFN) model for reliable prediction of MH status (closed or open) at 1 month after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling (VILMP).
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment presentation and surgery in uveitic eyes
Tafadzwa Young-Zvandasara, David Brunner, Sarah Welch, Joanne L Sims, Clairton De Souza, William J Cunningham, Rachael L Niederer
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319268
Background/aims To explore the occurrence, uveitis activity, features, rate of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and outcomes following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in a large tertiary referral uveitis service.
MRI signs helpful in the differentiation of patients with anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy and optic neuritis
Valentina Daphne Petroulia, Dominik Brügger, Robert Hoepner, Rino Vicini, Anna Winklehner, Mathias Abegg, Franca Wagner
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319537
Background/Aims The aim of this study was to identify specific MRI characteristics of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (AION) and optic neuritis (ON) that would aid in the differentiation between these two diagnoses.
Retinoblastoma seeds: impact on American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical staging
Ankit Singh Tomar, Paul T Finger, Brenda Gallie, Tero Kivelä, Ashwin Mallipatna, Chengyue Zhang, Junyang Zhao, Matthew Wilson, Rachel Brennan, Michala Burges, Jonathan Kim, Jesse L Berry, Rima Jubran, Vikas Khetan, Suganeswari Ganeshan, Andrey Yarovoy, Vera Yarovaya, Elena Kotova, Denis Volodin, Yacoub Yousef, Kalle Nummi, Tatiana L Ushakova, Olga V Yugay, Vladimir G Polyakov, Marco Antonio Ramirez-Ortiz, Elizabeth Esparza-Aguiar, Guillermo L Chantada, Paula Schaiquevich, Adriana C Fandiño, Jason C Yam, Winnie W Lau, Carol P Lam, Phillipa Sharwood, Sonia Moorthy, Quah Boon Long, Vera Adobea Essuman, Lorna A Renner, Ekaterina Semenova, Jaume Català -Mora, Maria Correa Llano, Elisa Carreras
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318892
Aim To investigate whether the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical category cT2b needs to be subclassified by the type and distribution of retinoblastoma (RB) seeding.
Association of time outdoors and patterns of light exposure with myopia in children
Mijie Li, Carla Lanca, Chuen-Seng Tan, Li-Lian Foo, Chen-Hsin Sun, Fabian Yap, Raymond P Najjar, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Seang-Mei Saw
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318918
Background/aims To evaluate the association of reported time outdoors and light exposure patterns with myopia among children aged 9 years from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes birth cohort.
Five-year change in refractive error and its risk factors: results from the Gutenberg Health Study
Julia V. Stingl, Sol A Ban, Markus Nagler, Irene Schmidtmann, Philipp S. Wild, Karl J. Lackner, Thomas Münzel, Manfred E. Beutel, Norbert Pfeiffer, Alexander K. Schuster
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318828
Background/Aims To examine the 5-year change in refractive error in phakic eyes and its risk factors in the general population.
Metagenomics of the lacrimal sac in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction: the Lacriome paper 1
Mohammad Javed Ali
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319677
Background The purpose is to study the metagenomics of the microbes isolated from the lacrimal sac of patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO).
