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Transfusion Medicine in the 21st Century: Beyond Rebalancing the Humors
Krystalyn E. HudsonJames C. Zimring
New Therapies for the Treatment of Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Bruno Fattizzo a,b,∗, Wilma Barcellini
Current Treatment Options in Cold Agglutinin Disease: B-Cell Directed or Complement Directed Therapy?
Sigbjørn Berentsen a,∗, Geir E. Tjønnfjord
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.05.001
Two major steps are identified in the pathogenesis of cold agglutinin disease; clonal B-cell lymphoproliferation and complement-mediated hemolysis. Each of these steps constitutes a target for treatment.
Changing Paradigms in ITP Management: Newer Tools for an Old Disease
Debbie Jiang a, Hanny Al-Samkari b,c, Sandhya R. Panch
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.08.003
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia that may be accompanied clinically by bleeding and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Emerging Therapies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Anne Hubben a, Keith R McCrae
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.09.002
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the most common cause of acquired immune-mediated thrombophilia. This syndrome is broadly defined by the presence of arterial or venous thrombosis, or pregnancy morbidity, in the presence of high levels of antiphospholipid antibodies.
Plasma Cell Directed Therapy for Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (iTTP)
Melissa Chen a,b,∗, Jake Shortt
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.09.001
Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) underpinned by autoreactivity against the von Willebrand factor (vWF) cleaving protease, ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13).
Advances in Acquired Hemophilia A
Jacqueline N Poston a,∗, Rebecca Kruse-Jarres
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.07.001
Acquired Hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare, life-threatening bleeding disorder from autoantibodies against clotting factor VIII. These autoantibodies occur with increasing incidence with advanced age and are often associated with other medical conditions such as autoimmune diseases and malignancy.
Therapies in Autoimmune Peripheral Neuropathies beyond Intravenous Immunoglobulin, Plasma Exchange and Corticosteroids: An Analytical Review
Ajith Sivadasan, Vera Bril
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.05.002
Autoimmune neuropathies are often treatable. First-line immunotherapies include intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), plasma exchange and corticosteroids. However, nearly 15-30% of patients are either refractory, partially responsive or chronically dependent on these first-line agents. Lack of full response leads to increased disability in addition to adverse financial implications.
New Treatment Perspectives for Acute Relapses in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Itay Lotan∗, Michael Levy
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.06.008
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, characterized by recurrent attacks of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, brainstem, and/ or cerebral symptoms.
Steroid Sparing Therapies for Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies Associated Vasculitis
Maria Jose Zabala Ramirez, Duy Vu, Koyal Jain∗
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.08.002
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis comprises a rare entity of disorders that affects primarily small and medium-sized blood vessels. Since first documented in 1897, we have come a long way trying to understand the pathogenesis and finding an optimal treatment regimen.
BTK Inhibitors in Haematology: Beyond B Cell Malignancies
Dr Emma Leitinger a,∗, Dr Zane Kaplan
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.06.009
Autoreactive B-cells are crucial in the pathogenesis of both haematologic and non-haematologic autoimmune disorders. Therapies targeting B cells and autoantibodies are widely used in clinical practice, however, many patients fail to respond to conventional treatments.
Chop-Chop: The Future of Bacterial Enzymes in Transfusion Medicine
Erik H. Klontz
doi : 10.1016/j.tmrv.2022.05.003
The discovery of bacterial enzymes with specificity for IgG antibodies has led to breakthroughs in several autoantibody-mediated diseases. Two such enzymes, IdeS and EndoS, degrade IgG by different mechanisms, and have separately shown promise in numerous animal models of autoimmune diseases
