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In the Literature
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab958
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages i–ii
Household Exposure to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Association With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Marcella Broccia, Victoria Elizabeth de Knegt, Elisabeth Helen Anna Mills, Amalie Lykkemark Møller, Filip Gnesin, Thea K Fischer, Nertila Zylyftari, Stig Nikolaj Blomberg, Mikkel Porsborg Andersen, Morten Schou, Emil Fosbøl, Kristian Kragholm, Helle Collatz Christensen, Laura Bech Polcwiartek, Matthew Phelps, Lars Køber, Christian Torp-Pedersen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab340
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 1–7
Households are high-risk settings for the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is likely associated with the infectious dose of SARS-CoV-2 exposure. We therefore aimed to assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 exposure within households and COVID-19 severity.
Neonatal Listeriosis Presentation and Outcome: A Prospective Study of 189 Cases
Caroline Charlier, Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, Elodie Perrodeau, Alexandra Moura, Mylène M Maury, Hélène Bracq-Dieye, Pierre Thouvenot, Guillaume Valès, Alexandre Leclercq, Philippe Ravaud, Marc Lecuit Neonatal MONALISA Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab337
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 8–16
Listeriosis is caused by the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. It can present as a maternal–neonatal infection. We implemented a nationwide prospective cohort and analyzed the features of neonatal listeriosis.
The Effect of In-Person Primary and Secondary School Instruction on County-Level Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spread in Indiana
Gabriel T Bosslet, Micah Pollak, Jeong Hoon Jang, Rebekah Roll, Mark Sperling, Babar Khan
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab306
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 17–23
Our goal was to determine the county-level effect of in-person primary and secondary school reopening on daily cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Indiana.
Real-World Experience of Bamlanivimab for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case-Control Study
Rebecca N Kumar, En-Ling Wu, Valentina Stosor, William J Moore, Chad Achenbach, Michael G Ison, Michael P Angarone
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab305
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 24–31
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has strained healthcare systems with patient hospitalizations and deaths. Anti-spike monoclonal antibodies, including bamlanivimab, have demonstrated reduction in hospitalization rates in clinical trials, yet real-world evidence is lacking.
Estimation of Secondary Household Attack Rates for Emergent Spike L452R Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants Detected by Genomic Surveillance at a Community-Based Testing Site in San Francisco
James Peng, Jamin Liu, Sabrina A Mann, Anthea M Mitchell, Matthew T Laurie, Sara Sunshine, Genay Pilarowski, Patrick Ayscue, Amy Kistler, Manu Vanaerschot, Lucy M Li, Aaron McGeever, Eric D Chow, Carina Marquez, Robert Nakamura, Luis Rubio, Gabriel Chamie, Diane Jones, Jon Jacobo, Susana Rojas, Susy Rojas, Valerie Tulier-Laiwa, Douglas Black, Jackie Martinez, Jamie Naso, Joshua Schwab, Maya Petersen, Diane Havlir, Joseph DeRisi, IDseq Team
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab283
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 32–39
Sequencing of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral genome from patient samples is an important epidemiological tool for monitoring and responding to the pandemic, including the emergence of new mutations in specific communities.
A Dual, Systematic Approach to Malaria Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery
Seda Yerlikaya, Ewurama D A Owusu, Augustina Frimpong, Robert Kirk DeLisle, Xavier C Ding
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab251
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 40–51
The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum parasites that lack HRP2/3 proteins and the resulting decreased utility of HRP2-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) prompted the World Health Organization and other global health stakeholders to prioritize the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers for malaria.
High Infection Secondary Attack Rates of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Dutch Households Revealed by Dense Sampling
Daphne F M Reukers, Michiel van Boven, Adam Meijer, Nynke Rots, Chantal Reusken, Inge Roof, Arianne B van Gageldonk-Lafeber, Wim van der Hoek, Susan van den Hof
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab237
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 52–58
Indoor environments are considered one of the main settings for transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Households in particular represent a close-contact environment with high probability of transmission between persons of different ages and roles in society.
Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine on Asymptomatic Infection Among Patients Undergoing Preprocedural COVID-19 Molecular Screening
Aaron J Tande, Benjamin D Pollock, Nilay D Shah, Gianrico Farrugia, Abinash Virk, Melanie Swift, Laura Breeher, Matthew Binnicker, Elie F Berbari
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab229
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 59–65,
Several vaccines are now available under emergency use authorization in the United States and have demonstrated efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19. Vaccine impact on asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is largely unknown.
Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Children in Summer Schools Applying Stringent Control Measures in Barcelona, Spain
Iolanda Jordan, Mariona Fernandez de Sevilla, Victoria Fumado, Quique Bassat, Elisenda Bonet-Carne, Claudia Fortuny, Aleix Garcia-Miquel, Cristina Jou, Cristina Adroher, MarÃa Melé Casas, Mònica Girona-Alarcon, MarÃa Hernández Garcia, Gemma Pons Tomas, Sara Ajanovic, Sara Arias, Núria Balanza, Bárbara Baro, Pere Millat-Martinez, Rosauro Varo, Sergio Alonso, Enric Ã�lvarez-Lacalle, Daniel López, Joana Claverol, Marta Cubells, Pedro Brotons, Anna Codina, Daniel Cuadras, Patricia Bruijning-Verhagen, Saul Faust, Alasdair Munro, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro, Martà Català , Clara Prats, Juan José Garcia-Garcia, Eduard Gratacós
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab227
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 66–73
Understanding the role of children in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission is critical to guide decision-making for schools in the pandemic. We aimed to describe the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among children and adult staff in summer schools.
Trends in Prescribing of Antibiotics and Drugs Investigated for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment in US Nursing Home Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Katryna A Gouin, Stephen Creasy, Mary Beckerson, Martha Wdowicki, Lauri A Hicks, Jennifer N Lind, Andrew I Geller, Daniel S Budnitz, Sarah Kabbani
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab225
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 74–82
Trends in prescribing for nursing home (NH) residents, which may have been influenced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, have not been characterized.
Coronavirus Disease 2019–Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Nitipong Permpalung, Teresa Po-Yu Chiang, Allan B Massie, Sean X Zhang, Robin K Avery, Saman Nematollahi, Darin Ostrander, Dorry L Segev, Kieren A Marr
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab223
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 83–91
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) occurs in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Risks and outcomes remain poorly understood.
Coronavirus Disease 2019–associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Do We Have the CAPAcity to Improve Outcomes?
John W Baddley
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab259
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 92–94
Randomized Trial of Ruxolitinib in Antiretroviral-Treated Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Vincent C Marconi, Carlee Moser, Christina Gavegnano, Steven G Deeks, Michael M Lederman, Edgar T Overton, Athe Tsibris, Peter W Hunt, Amy Kantor, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Randall Tressler, Charles Flexner, Selwyn J Hurwitz, Daniela Moisi, Brian Clagett, William R Hardin, Carlos del Rio, Raymond F Schinazi, Jeffrey J Lennox
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab212
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 95–104
Inflammation is associated with end-organ disease and mortality for people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). Ruxolitinib, a Jak 1/2 inhibitor, reduces systemic inflammation for individuals without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV reservoir markers ex vivo. The goal of this trial was to determine safety and efficacy of ruxolitinib for PWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Antibiotic Use and Presumptive Pathogens in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
Christine Tedijanto, McKenna Nevers, Matthew H Samore, Marc Lipsitch
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab170
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 105–112
Empirical antibiotic use is common in the hospital. Here, we characterize patterns of antibiotic use, infectious diagnoses, and microbiological laboratory results among hospitalized patients and aim to quantify the proportion of antibiotic use that is potentially attributable to specific bacterial pathogens.
Norovirus Outbreaks in Long-term Care Facilities in the United States, 2009–2018: A Decade of Surveillance
Laura E Calderwood, Mary E Wikswo, Claire P Mattison, Anita K Kambhampati, Neha Balachandran, Jan Vinjé, Leslie Barclay, Aron J Hall, Umesh Parashar, Sara A Mirza
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab808
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 113–119
In the United States, norovirus is the leading cause of healthcare-associated gastroenteritis outbreaks. To inform prevention efforts, we describe the epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).
Emergence of Clinical Clostridioides difficile Isolates With Decreased Susceptibility to Vancomycin
Charles Darkoh, Kadiatou Keita, Chioma Odo, Micah Oyaro, Eric L Brown, Cesar A Arias, Blake M Hanson, Herbert L DuPont
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa912
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 120–126
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-associated antibiotic-related diarrhea and deaths worldwide. Vancomycin is one of the few antibiotics recommended for both nonsevere and severe CDI cases. We sought to determine whether vancomycin nonsusceptible C. difficile strains are circulating in the patient population.
Personalized Therapy Approach for Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Estela Moreno-GarcÃa, Marta Hernández-Meneses, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, Mariana Chumbita, Nicole Garcia-Pouton, Laura Linares, Verónica Rico, Celia Cardozo, José Antonio MartÃnez, Felipe GarcÃa, Josep Mensa, Pedro Castro, José MarÃa Nicolás, José Muñoz, David Vidal, Alex Soriano, COVID19-Researchers
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa964
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 127–132
Hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experiencing respiratory symptoms have different complications (inflammatory, co-infection, and thrombotic) that are identifiable by analytics patterns. Personalized treatment decisions decreased early mortality (odds ratio [OR] .144; 95% confidence interval [CI] .03–.686; P = .015). Increasing age (OR 1.06; P = .038) and therapeutic effort limitation (OR 9.684; P < .001) were associated with higher mortality.
Clinical Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 With Evidence-based Supportive Care
Derek T Larson, John H Sherner, Kia M Gallagher, Cynthia L Judy, Madison B Paul, Alexandra M Mahoney, Peter J Weina
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa678
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 133–135
Calls for adherence to evidence-based medicine have emerged during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic but reports of outcomes are lacking. This retrospective study of an institutional cohort including 135 patients with confirmed COVID-19 demonstrates positive outcomes when organizational standards of care consist of evidence-based supportive therapies.
A Novel Case of Homozygous Interferon Alpha/Beta Receptor Alpha Chain (IFNAR1) Deficiency With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Florian Gothe, Catherine F Hatton, Linh Truong, Zofia Klimova, Veronika Kanderova, Martina Fejtkova, Angela Grainger, Venetia Bigley, Joanna Perthen, Dipayan Mitra, Ales Janda, Eva Fronkova, Dusana Moravcikova, Sophie Hambleton, Christopher J A Duncan
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa1790
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 136–139
We present a case of complete deficiency of the interferon alpha/beta receptor alpha chain (IFNAR1) in a child with fatal systemic hyperinflammation, apparently provoked by live-attenuated viral vaccination. Such pathologic hyperinflammation, fulfilling criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, is an emerging phenotype accompanying inborn errors of type I interferon immunity.
Unexplored Roles of Type I Interferon in Antiviral Immunity and Regulation of Inflammation Revealed by Studying Patients With Inborn Errors of Immunity
Trine H Mogensen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa1798
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 140–143
Immune Immunomodulation in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Strategic Considerations for Personalized Therapeutic Intervention
Mark W Hall, Ila Joshi, Luis Leal, Eng Eong Ooi
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa904
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 144–148
We are learning that the host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2) infection is complex and highly dynamic. Effective initial host defense in the lung is associated with mild symptoms and disease resolution.
Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019—Evidence-based or Personalized Medicine?
Ferric C Fang, Robert T Schooley
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciaa996
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 149–151
Difference in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Attack Rate Between Children and Adults May Reflect Bias
Zoë Hyde
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab183
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 152–155
The epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 in children has been challenging to establish, owing to the high prevalence of asymptomatic infection in this population.
Is Dengue Vaccine Protection Possible?
Scott B Halstead
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab282
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 156–160
In tropical and subtropical countries, 4 dengue viruses (DENVs) produce mild disease and a potentially fatal vascular permeability syndrome. Unique antigenic and biological properties of DENVs contribute to vaccine development delays.
A 48-Year-Old Man With Bilateral Hand Edema and Ulcers
Madison R Meek, Sahira Farooq, Alison Messer, Jing Liu, Richard R Jahan-Tigh
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab279
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 161–163
Do We Have Enough Data to Apply VIRSTA Score in Clinical Practice?
Stamatis Karakonstantis, Petros Ioannou, Diamantis Kofteridis
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab418
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 164–165
The Utility of Scoring Systems in Determining the Need for Echocardiography in Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Fainareti N Zervou, Ioannis M Zacharioudakis
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab420
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 165–166
One Scoring System Does Not Fit All Healthcare Settings
Magnus Rasmussen, Helena Lindberg, Fredrik Kahn
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab422
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 166–167
Reply to Karakonstantis, et al; Zervou and Zacharioudakis; and Rasmussen, et al
Juan Sebastián Peinado-Acevedo, Juan José Hurtado-Guerra, Carolina Hincapié-Osorno, Juanita Mesa-Abad, José Roberto Uribe-Delgado, Santiago Giraldo-RamÃrez, Paula A Lengerke-Diaz, Fabián Jaimes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab423
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 167–168
Warp Speed for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Drugs and Vaccines––Time to Reconsider How We Use the Term “Children�
Klaus Rose, Jane M Grant-Kels, Pasquale Striano, David Neubauer, Tanjinatus Oishi, Earl B Etienne
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab399
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 168–169
Reply to Rose et al
Evan J Anderson, Satoshi Kamidani, Walt Orenstein, James D Campbell
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab400
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 1, 1 January 2022, Pages 169–170,
