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The eyes as a window to the heart: looking beyond the horizon
Ify Mordi, Emanuele Trucco
doi : 10.1136/bjo-2022-322517
Monkeypox as an emerging infectious disease: the ophthalmic implications
Alice L Milligan, Su-yin Koay, Jake Dunning
doi : 10.1136/bjo-2022-322268
The 2022 outbreak of monkeypox is of worldwide significance. There has been a rapid escalation in case numbers despite efforts to contain it and the WHO has declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. To date, over 51 257 laboratory-confirmed cases have been reported, the majority in non-endemic countries, with 3279 in the UK. It is vital for ophthalmologists to understand this disease and the risk it poses.
Corneal confocal microscopy identifies corneal nerve fibre loss and increased dendritic cells in patients with long COVID
Gulfidan Bitirgen, Celalettin Korkmaz, Adil Zamani, Ahmet Ozkagnici, Nazmi Zengin, Georgios Ponirakis, Rayaz A Malik
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319450
Background/Aims Long COVID is characterised by a range of potentially debilitating symptoms which develop in at least 10% of people who have recovered from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study has quantified corneal sub-basal nerve plexus morphology and dendritic cell (DC) density in patients with and without long COVID.
Deep learning algorithms for automatic detection of pterygium using anterior segment photographs from slit-lamp and hand-held cameras
Xiaoling Fang, Mihir Deshmukh, Miao Li Chee, Zhi-Da Soh, Zhen Ling Teo, Sahil Thakur, Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh, Yu-Chi Liu, Rahat Husain, Jodhbir Mehta, Tien Yin Wong, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tyler Hyungtaek Rim, Yih-Chung Tham
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318866
Background/aims To evaluate the performances of deep learning (DL) algorithms for detection of presence and extent pterygium, based on colour anterior segment photographs (ASPs) taken from slit-lamp and hand-held cameras.
Evaluation of dry eye subtypes and characteristics using conventional assessments and dynamic tear interferometry
Yong Woo Ji, Hyojin Seong, Jeong Gi Seo, Si Yoon Park, Mutlaq Alotaibi, Moonjung Choi, Sangmin Nam, Tae-Im Kim, Hyung Keun Lee, Kyoung Yul Seo
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318624
Background/aims To evaluate subtypes and characteristics of dry eye (DE) using conventional tests and dynamic tear interferometry, and to investigate determinants of disease severity in each DE subtype.
Fibrillin-1 gene mutations in a Chinese cohort with congenital ectopia lentis: spectrum and genotype–phenotype analysis
Zexu Chen, Tianhui Chen, Min Zhang, Jiahui Chen, Michael Deng, Jialei Zheng, Li-Na Lan, Yongxiang Jiang
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319084
Aims To identify the mutation spectrum and genotype–phenotype correlations of fibrillin-1 (FBN1) mutations in a Chinese cohort with congenital ectopia lentis (EL).
Topical prostaglandin analogue use and cystoid macular oedema following uneventful cataract surgery: a randomised control trial
Nuwan Niyadurupola, James Brodie, Tejal Patel, Jason Chan, Mohammad M Rahman, Carl R Svasti-Salee, Jared Ching, Aseema Misra, Tom Eke, David C Broadway
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319149
Background/aims The association between the development of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) following uneventful cataract surgery and prostaglandin analogue (PGA) therapy has not been fully determined. The study aim was to investigate whether discontinuation of PGA therapy following uneventful cataract surgery affected the incidence of postoperative CMO.
Argon laser photocoagulation for treatment of presumed trematode-induced granulomatous anterior uveitis in children
Alahmady Hamad Alsmman, Abdelsalam Abdalla, Mohammed Ezzeldawla, Elshimaa A Mateen Mossa, Mortada Abozaid
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318796
Background/Aims To assess the safety and efficacy of argon laser photocoagulation as a new modality for the treatment of presumed trematode-induced granulomatous anterior uveitis (PTGAU) in children.
Factors affecting the resolution of acute non-infectious anterior scleritis
Ahmad Abdel-Aty, Ninani Kombo
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318808
Background/aims Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-�) inhibitors are increasingly being used to treat scleritis, however, their efficacy has not been compared to older treatments. Additionally, few studies have assessed differences in the course of scleritis among different patient groups. We identify demographic factors, comorbidities and treatments associated with the resolution of acute scleritis.
Development of revised diagnostic criteria for Fuchs’ uveitis syndrome in a Chinese population
Peizeng Yang, Wanyun Zhang, Zhijun Chen, Han Zhang, Guannan Su, Qingfeng Cao, Ying Zhu, Zhenyu Zhong, Chunjiang Zhou, Yao Wang, Aize Kijlstra
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319343
Background/aims Fuchs’ uveitis syndrome (FUS) is one of the frequently misdiagnosed uveitis entities, which is partly due to the absence of internationally recognised diagnostic criteria. This study was performed to develop and evaluate a set of revised diagnostic criteria for FUS.
Risk factors for previously undiagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma: the EPIC-Norfolk Eye Study
Michelle P Y Chan, Anthony P Khawaja, David C Broadway, Jennifer Yip, Robert Luben, Shabina Hayat, Tunde Peto, Kay-Tee Khaw, Paul J Foster
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317718
Background and aim Undiagnosed glaucoma is an invisible but important public health issue. At least half of glaucoma cases are estimated to be undiagnosed in western populations. The aim of this study is to examine risk factors for previously undiagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
Combined structure–function analysis in glaucoma screening
Elina Karvonen, Katri Stoor, Marja Luodonpää, Pasi Hägg, Ilmari Leiviskä, Johanna Liinamaa, Anja Tuulonen, Ville Saarela
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319178
Aim To assess the applicability of a structure–function (S-F) analysis combining spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP) in glaucoma screening in a middle-aged population.
Postoperative complications in glaucoma surgery: literature review-based recommendations to improve reporting consistency
Francesco Stringa, Alan Kastner, Dale Heuer, Keith Barton, Anthony J King
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-318952
Aims To recommend a list of complications of glaucoma surgery to be used in future glaucoma surgery research and reporting by exploring the spectrum of complications’ names, the variety of definitions and time frames used for reporting them in glaucoma surgical trials.
Effect of algorithms and covariates in glaucoma diagnosis with optical coherence tomography angiography
Qi Sheng You, Ou Tan, Shaohua Pi, Liang Liu, Ping Wei, Aiyin Chen, Eliesa Ing, Yali Jia, David Huang
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318677
Purpose To assess the effects of algorithms and covariates in glaucoma diagnosis with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Biallelic variants in CPAMD8 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma and primary angle-closure glaucoma
Xueqing Li, Wenmin Sun, Xueshan Xiao, Lei Fang, Shiqiang Li, Xing Liu, Qingjiong Zhang
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318668
Background/Aims This study aims to assess the contribution of biallelic CPAMD8 variants in patients with different forms of glaucoma, especially primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), based on a systematic analysis of exome sequencing (ES).
Diagnostic accuracy of swept source optical coherence tomography classification algorithms for detection of gonioscopic angle closure
Shayne S Tan, Tin A Tun, Rehena Sultana, Marcus Tan, Joanne HuiMin Quah, Baskaran Mani, John C Allen, Ching Yu Cheng, Monisha Esther Nongpiur, Tin Aung
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319165
Purpose To evaluate the performance of swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) to detect gonioscopic angle closure using different classification algorithms.
Artificial intelligence-enabled retinal vasculometry for prediction of circulatory mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke
Alicja Regina Rudnicka, Roshan Welikala, Sarah Barman, Paul J Foster, Robert Luben, Shabina Hayat, Kay-Tee Khaw, Peter Whincup, David Strachan, Christopher G Owen
doi : 10.1136/bjo-2022-321842
Aims We examine whether inclusion of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled retinal vasculometry (RV) improves existing risk algorithms for incident stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and circulatory mortality.
Choroidal thickness and vessel pattern in myopic eyes with dome-shaped macula
Pierre Negrier, Aude Couturier, David Gaucher, Sara Touhami, Guillaume Le Guern, Ramin Tadayoni, Alain Gaudric, Elise Philippakis
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319066
Aim To analyse the choroidal thickness (CT) and vessel pattern of myopic patients with dome-shaped macula (DSM) and their association with the DSM axis and serous retinal detachment (SRD).
Morphological characteristics preceding exudative neovascularisation secondary to macular telangiectasia type 2
Kristina Hess, Peter Charbel Issa, Frank G Holz, Simone Tzaridis
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318470
Aims To identify morphological characteristics preceding the development of exudative neovascularisation secondary to Macular Telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) using multimodal retinal imaging.
Outcomes of eyes with retinal vein occlusion that are lost to follow-up after antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy
Mirataollah Salabati, Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, Jae-Chiang Wong, Dillan Patel, Samir N Patel, Anthony Obeid, Arunan Sivalingam, James F Vander, Sunir J Garg, Allen C Ho, Carl D Regillo, Jason Hsu
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319180
Background/aims To evaluate the outcomes of eyes with macular oedema due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) that are lost to follow-up (LTFU) after antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.
Incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy (2011–2018): a nationwide population-based cohort study of Japan
Ai Kido, Masahiro Miyake, Hiroshi Tamura, Shusuke Hiragi, Takeshi Kimura, Shosuke Ohtera, Ayako Takahashi, Sotaro Ooto, Koji Kawakami, Tomohiro Kuroda, Akitaka Tsujikawa
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319403
Aims The aim of this study was to elucidate the epidemiological background of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), including its incidence and treatment pattern.
Early detection of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: an economic evaluation based on data from the EDNA study
Rodolfo Hernandez, Charlotte Kennedy, Katie Banister, Beatriz Goulao, Jonathan Cook, Sobha Sivaprasad, Ruth Hogg, Augusto Azuara-Blanco, Heinrich Heimann, Maria Dimitrova, Richard Gale, Mia Porteous, Craig R Ramsay, Usha Chakravarthy, Graham S Scotland
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319506
Background/aims To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of non-invasive monitoring tests to detect the onset of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the unaffected second eye of patients receiving treatment for unilateral nAMD in a UK National Health Service (NHS) hospital outpatient setting.
Intravitreal application of epidermal growth factor in non-exudative age-related macular degeneration
Mukharram M Bikbov, Timur A Khalimov, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jost B Jonas
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319582
Purpose To assess the safety of intravitreally applied epidermal growth factor (EGF).
Macular sensitivity assessment and fixation analysis using microperimetry in children with retinopathy of prematurity
Zuhal Ozen Tunay, Aysun Idil
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319352
Background/aims To investigate retinal sensitivity and fixation stability using microperimetry in children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Myopia incidence and lifestyle changes among school children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based prospective study
Xiujuan Zhang, Stephanie S L Cheung, Hei-Nga Chan, Yuzhou Zhang, Yu Meng Wang, Benjamin H Yip, Ka Wai Kam, Marco Yu, Ching-Yu Cheng, Alvin L Young, Mike Y W Kwan, Patrick Ip, Kelvin Kam-Lung Chong, Clement C Tham, Li Jia Chen, Chi-Pui Pang, Jason C S Yam
doi : 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-319307
Background The impacts of social restrictions for COVID-19 on children’s vision and lifestyle remain unknown.
