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EULAR 75-year anniversary: commentaries on ARD papers from 25 years ago
Kimme L Hyrich1,2
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222585
December 2022 - Volume 81 - 12
EULAR recommendations for the management and vaccination of people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases in the context of SARS-CoV-2: the November 2021 update
Robert B M Landewé, Féline P B Kroon, Alessia Alunno, Aurélie Najm, Johannes WJ Bijlsma, Gerd-Rüdiger R Burmester, Roberto Caporali, Bernard Combe, Richard Conway, Jeffrey R Curtis, Ori Elkayam, Laure Gossec, Marloes W Heijstek, Lukas Haupt, Annamaria Iagnocco, John D Isaacs, István �bel Juhász, Suzi Makri, Xavier Mariette, Iain B McInnes, Puja Mehta, Ulf Mueller-Ladner, Hendrik Schulze-Koops, Josef S Smolen, Dieter Wiek, Kevin L Winthrop, Victoria Navarro-Compán, Pedro M Machado
doi : 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-222006
The first EULAR provisional recommendations on the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) in the context of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), largely based on expert opinion, were published in June 2020. Since then, an unprecedented number of clinical studies have accrued in the literature. Several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been approved for population-wide vaccination programmes in EULAR-affiliated countries. Studies regarding vaccination of patients with (inflammatory) RMDs have released their first results or are underway.
EULAR points to consider for minimal reporting requirements in synovial tissue research in rheumatology
Aurélie Najm, Félicie Costantino, Stefano Alivernini, Alessia Alunno, Elettra Bianchi, Jacqueline Bignall, Brendan Boyce, Juan D Cañete, Francesco Carubbi, Patrick Durez, João Eurico Fonseca, Søren Andreas Just, Raquel Largo, Antonio Manzo, Mark Maybury, Esperanza Naredo, Carl Orr, Costantino Pitzalis, Felice Rivellese, Vasco C Romão, Jef van Rompay, Sander W Tas, Douglas J Veale, Maria-Antonietta D'Agostino, Andrew Filer
doi : 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221875
Background Synovial tissue research has become widely developed in several rheumatology centres, however, large discrepancies exist in the way synovial tissue is handled and, more specifically, how data pertaining to biopsy procedure, quality check and experimental results are reported in the literature. This heterogeneity hampers the progress of research in this rapidly expanding field. In that context, under the umbrella of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology, we aimed at proposing points to consider (PtC) for minimal reporting requirements in synovial tissue research.
2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for giant cell arteritis
Cristina Ponte, Peter C Grayson, Joanna C Robson, Ravi Suppiah, Katherine Bates Gribbons, Andrew Judge, Anthea Craven, Sara Khalid, Andrew Hutchings, Richard A Watts, Peter A Merkel, Raashid A Luqmani
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-223480
Objective To develop and validate updated classification criteria for giant cell arteritis (GCA).
2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for Takayasu arteritis
Peter C Grayson, Cristina Ponte, Ravi Suppiah, Joanna C Robson, Katherine Bates Gribbons, Andrew Judge, Anthea Craven, Sara Khalid, Andrew Hutchings, Debashish Danda, Raashid A Luqmani, Richard A Watts, Peter A Merkel
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-223482
Objective To develop and validate new classification criteria for Takayasu arteritis (TAK).
Olokizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6, in combination with methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis inadequately controlled by tumour necrosis factor inhibitor therapy: efficacy and safety results of a randomised controlled phase III study
Eugen Feist, Saeed Fatenejad, Sergey Grishin, Elena Korneva, Michael E Luggen, Evgeniy Nasonov, Mikhail Samsonov, Josef S Smolen, Roy M Fleischmann
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222630
Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of olokizumab (OKZ), a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine, versus placebo (PBO) in patients with prior inadequate response to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi-IRs).
Stage-specific roles of microbial dysbiosis and metabolic disorders in rheumatoid arthritis
Mingyue Cheng, Yan Zhao, Yazhou Cui, Chaofang Zhong, Yuguo Zha, Shufeng Li, Guangxiang Cao, Mian Li, Lei Zhang, Kang Ning, Jinxiang Han
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222871
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive disease including four stages, where gut microbiome is associated with pathogenesis. We aimed to investigate stage-specific roles of microbial dysbiosis and metabolic disorders in RA.
Isolated axial disease in psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis
Timothy S H Kwok, Mitchell Sutton, Daniel Pereira, Richard J Cook, Vinod Chandran, Nigil Haroon, Robert D Inman, Dafna D Gladman
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222537
Objectives To compare isolated axial psoriatic arthritis (PsA), axial PsA with peripheral involvement and isolated axial ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with psoriasis. To evaluate predictors for developing peripheral disease from isolated axial PsA over time.
Low-dose interleukin-2 therapy in active systemic lupus erythematosus (LUPIL-2): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled phase II trial
Jens Y Humrich, Patrice Cacoub, Michelle Rosenzwajg, Fabien Pitoiset, Hang Phuong PHAM, Joel Guidoux, David Leroux, Thomas Vazquez, Gabriela Riemekasten, Josef S Smolen, George Tsokos, David Klatzmann
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222501
Objectives A regulatory T cell (Treg) insufficiency due to shortage of interleukin-2 (IL-2) is central to the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We performed a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled phase II proof-of-concept trial to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose IL-2 therapy in patients with SLE having moderate-to-severe disease activity while receiving standard treatment.
Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α
Alexis Mathian, Paul Breillat, Karim Dorgham, Paul Bastard, Caroline Charre, Raphael Lhote, Paul Quentric, Quentin Moyon, Alice-Andrée Mariaggi, Suzanne Mouries-Martin, Clara Mellot, François Anna, Julien Haroche, Fleur Cohen-Aubart, Delphine Sterlin, Noël Zahr, Adrian Gervais, Tom Le Voyer, Lucy Bizien, Quentin Amiot, Micheline Pha, Miguel Hié, Francois Chasset, Hans Yssel, Makoto Miyara, Pierre Charneau, Pascale Ghillani-Dalbin, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Flore Rozenberg, Zahir Amoura, Guy Gorochov
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222549
Objectives Type-I interferons (IFNs-I) have potent antiviral effects. IFNs-I are also overproduced in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoantibodies (AAbs) neutralising IFN-α, IFN-β and/or IFN-ω subtypes are strong determinants of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia, but their impact on inflammation remains unknown.
Dissecting the histological features of lupus nephritis highlights new common patterns of injury in class III/IV
Maddalena Maria Bolognesi, Giulia Capitoli, Stefania Galimberti, Giorgio Cattoretti, Ingeborg Bajema, Jan A Bruijn, H Terence Cook, Laure-Helene Noel, Fabio Pagni, Franco Ferrario, Maria Wester Trejo, Vincenzo L'Imperio
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222620
Objective The International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society classification is the gold standard for the characterisation of lupus nephritis (LN) on renal biopsy, with therapeutic repercussions. Its recent revision simplified the current class subdivisions, eliminating the S/G forms of class IV, although data on a possible pathogenetic/clinical value of this subdivision are still contradictory.
Loss-of-function variants in SAT1 cause X-linked childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
Lingxiao Xu, Jian Zhao, Qing Sun, Xue Xu, Lei Wang, Ting Liu, Yunjuan Wu, Jingfeng Zhu, Linyu Geng, Yun Deng, Alexander Awgulewitsch, Diane L Kamen, Jim C Oates, Prithvi Raj, Edward K Wakeland, R Hal Scofield, Joel M Guthridge, Judith A James, Bevra H Hahn, Deborah K McCurdy, Fang Wang, Miaojia Zhang, Wenfeng Tan, Gary S Gilkeson, Betty P Tsao
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222795
Objectives Families that contain multiple siblings affected with childhood onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) likely have strong genetic predispositions. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify familial rare risk variants and to assess their effects in lupus.
Continued treatment with nintedanib in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: data from SENSCIS-ON
Yannick Allanore, Madelon C Vonk, Oliver Distler, Arata Azuma, Maureen D Mayes, Martina Gahlemann, Alexandra James, Veronika Kohlbrenner, Margarida Alves, Dinesh Khanna, Kristin B Highland
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222564
Objectives In the SENSCIS trial in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), nintedanib reduced the rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) versus placebo, with adverse events that were manageable for most patients. An open-label extension trial, SENSCIS-ON, is assessing safety and FVC decline during longer term nintedanib treatment.
Distinct immune-effector and metabolic profile of CD8+ T cells in patients with autoimmune polyarthritis induced by therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Karolina Benesova, Franziska Viktoria Kraus, Rui A Carvalho, Holger Lorenz, Christian H Hörth, Janine Günther, Karel D Klika, Jürgen Graf, Leonore Diekmann, Timo Schank, Petros Christopoulos, Jessica C Hassel, Hanns-Martin Lorenz, Margarida Souto-Carneiro
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222451
Objectives Rheumatic immune-related adverse events (irAE) such as (poly)arthritis in patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment pose a major clinical challenge. ICI therapy improves CD8+ T cell (CD8) function, but CD8 contributes to chronic inflammation in autoimmune arthritis (AA). Thus, we investigated whether immune functional and metabolic changes in CD8 explain the development of musculoskeletal irAE in ICI-treated patients.
Temporal trends in COVID-19 outcomes among patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: from the first wave through the initial Omicron wave
Yumeko Kawano, Naomi J Patel, Xiaosong Wang, Claire E Cook, Kathleen MM Vanni, Emily N Kowalski, Emily P Banasiak, Grace Qian, Michael DiIorio, Tiffany Y-T Hsu, Michael E Weinblatt, Derrick J Todd, Zachary S Wallace, Jeffrey A Sparks
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222954
Objectives To investigate temporal trends in incidence and severity of COVID-19 among patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) from the first wave through the initial Omicron wave.
Immunogenicity and safety of a fourth COVID-19 vaccination in rituximab-treated patients: an open-label extension study
Daniel Mrak, Elisabeth Simader, Daniela Sieghart, Peter Mandl, Helga Radner, Thomas Perkmann, Helmuth Haslacher, Margareta Mayer, Maximilian Koblischke, Philipp Hofer, Lisa Göschl, Felix Kartnig, Thomas Deimel, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Thomas Hummel, Barbara Kornek, Renate Thalhammer, Karin Stiasny, Stefan Winkler, Josef S Smolen, Judith H Aberle, Daniel Aletaha, Leonhard X Heinz, Michael Bonelli
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222579
Objectives Patients under rituximab therapy are at high risk for a severe COVID-19 disease course. Humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are vastly diminished in B-cell-depleted patients, even after a third vaccine dose. However, it remains unclear whether these patients benefit from a fourth vaccination and whether continued rituximab therapy affects antibody development.
Breakthrough infections with the SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) variant in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
Eileen W Stalman, Luuk Wieske, Koos P J van Dam, Laura Y Kummer, Zoé L E van Kempen, Joep Killestein, Adriaan G Volkers, Sander W Tas, Laura Boekel, Gertjan J Wolbink, Anneke J Van der Kooi, Joost Raaphorst, Mark Löwenberg, R Bart Takkenberg, Geert R A M D’Haens, Phyllis I Spuls, Marcel W Bekkenk, Annelie H Musters, Nicoline F Post, Angela L Bosma, Marc L Hilhorst, Yosta Vegting, Frederique J Bemelman, Alexandre E Voskuyl, Bo Broens, Agner Parra Sanchez, Cécile A C M van Els, Jelle De Wit, Abraham Rutgers, Karina de Leeuw, Barbara Horváth, Jan J G M Verschuuren, Annabel M Ruiter, Lotte van Ouwerkerk, Diane van der Woude, C F Allaart, Onno Y K Teng, Pieter van Paassen, Matthias H Busch, Papay B P Jallah, Esther Brusse, Pieter A van Doorn, Adája Elisabeth Baars, Dirk Jan Hijnen, Corine R G Schreurs, W Ludo Van der Pol, H Stephan Goedee, Maurice Steenhuis, Sofie Keijzer, Jim B D Keijser, Arend Boogaard, Olvi Cristianawati, Anja ten Brinke, Niels J M Verstegen, Koos A H Zwinderman, Theo Rispens, S Marieke van Ham, Taco W Kuijpers, Filip Eftimov
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222904
Objectives To compare the cumulative incidence and disease severity of reported SARS-CoV-2 omicron breakthrough infections between patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) on immunosuppressants and controls, and to investigate determinants for breakthrough infections.
Serum urate outcomes of treat-to-target urate lowering treatment: results of a nationwide cohort study from 1997 to the COVID-19 pandemic using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Abhishek Abhishek, Edoardo Cipolletta, Georgina Nakafero, Anthony J Avery, Mamas Mamas, Laila J Tata
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222668
Sequential rituximab and mepolizumab in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA): a European multicentre observational study
Alessandra Bettiol, Maria Letizia Urban, Federica Bello, Davide Fiori, Irene Mattioli, Giuseppe Lopalco, Florenzo Iannone, Allyson Egan, Lorenzo Dagna, Marco Caminati, Simone Negrini, Elena Bargagli, Marco Folci, Franco Franceschini, Roberto Padoan, Oliver Flossmann, Roser Solans, Jan Schroeder, Marc André, Laura Moi, Paola Parronchi, Dario Roccatello, Savino Sciascia, David Jayne, Domenico Prisco, Augusto Vaglio, Giacomo Emmi
doi : 10.1136/ard-2022-222776
Correspondence on ‘Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): a multicentre cohort’
Meredith J Ventura, Emmanuel Guajardo, Eva H Clark, Kalpana Bhairavarasu, Riyad Y Kherallah, Andrew R DiNardo, Xunyan Ye, Pedro A Piedra, Robert L Atmar, Sandeep K Agarwal
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): a multicentre cohort’ by Ventura et al’
Juliette Chommeloux, Marie Pouletty, Naim Ouldali, Mathieu Kerneis, Alexis Mathian, Raphaele Mestiri, Julien Rohmer, Guillaume Hekimian, Isabelle Melki
Correspondence on ‘Glucocorticoid-induced relapse of COVID-19 in a patient with sarcoidosis’
Florence Jeny, Raphael Lhote, Gwenael Lorillon, Nicolas Belhomme, Grégory Pugnet, Raphaël Borie, Aurélien Justet, Stephane Jouneau, Nathalie Freymond, Arsène Mekinian, Robin Dhote, Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte, Nathalie Saindenberg, Pierre Gazengel, Baptiste Hervier, Julien Haroche, Alexis Mathian, Miguel Hié, Thibaud Chazal, Dov Taieb, Yurdagul Uzunhan, Jérôme Le Pavec, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Emmanuel Bergot, Abdellatif Tazi, Zahir Amoura, Dominique Valeyre, Hilario Nunes, Fleur Cohen-Aubart
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Glucocorticoid-induced relapse of COVID-19 in a patient with sarcoidosis’’ by Jeny et al
Andrea Hermina Györfi, Georg Schett, Jörg H W Distler
Correspondence to ‘Prevalence of hospital PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases in patients with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases’
Bo-Yao Wu, Chi-Ho Chan, James Cheng-Chung Wei
Response to: ‘Correspondence to ‘Prevalence of hospital PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases in patients with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases’’ by Wu et al
Jose L Pablos, MarÃa Galindo, Ricardo Blanco, José M Alvaro-Gracia
No increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection for patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases compared with the general population in the city of Hamburg (Germany)
Peer Aries, Christof Iking-Konert
Correspondence on ‘Long-term outcome of a randomised controlled trial comparing tacrolimus with mycophenolate mofetil as induction therapy for active lupus nephritis’
Chuanhui Xu
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Long-term outcome of a randomised controlled trial comparing tacrolimus with mycophenolate mofetil as induction therapy for active lupus nephritis’’ by Xu
Chi Chiu Mok
Correspondence on ‘EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults’
Zhuochao Zhou, Fan Wang, Yue Sun, Jialin Teng, Honglei Liu, Xiaobing Cheng, Yutong Su, Hui Shi, Yijun You, Chengde Yang, Junna Ye
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults’ by Zhou et al
Maria G Tektonidou, Angela Tincani, Michael M Ward
Correspondence on ‘Safety and tolerability of nintedanib in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: data from the SENSCIS trial’
Markus Bredemeier
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Safety and tolerability of nintedanib in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: data from the SENSCIS trial’’ by Bredemeier
James R Seibold, Veronika Kohlbrenner, Margarida Alves, Oliver Distler
Correspondence on ‘Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors slow radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: 18-year real-world evidence’
Zheng-Liang Zhang, Wei Huang, Guo-Hua Lv, Jing Li, Ming-Xiang Zou, Zhi-Hui Dai
Response to ‘Correspondence on “Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors slow radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: 18-year real-world evidence� by Zhang et al
Bon San Koo, Ji Seon Oh, Seo Young park, Ji Hui Shin, Ga Young Ahn, Seunghun Lee, Kyung Bin Joo, Tae-Hwan Kim
Correspondence to ‘Normal human enthesis harbours conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with regulatory features and inducible IL-17A and TNF expression’
Li-Tzu Wang, Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
Response to: ‘Correspondence to ‘Normal human enthesis harbours conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with regulatory features and inducible IL-17A and TNF expression’’ by Wang and Ma
Abdulla Watad, Charlie Bridgewood, Dennis G McGonagle
Correspondence on ‘Long-term efficacy and safety of canakinumab in patients with colchicine-resistant familial Mediterranean fever: results from the randomised phase III CLUSTER trial’
Hasan Satış, Ergin Aydemir, Kerem İzmirlioğlu, Abdurrahman Tufan
Response to: ‘Correspondence on ‘Long-term efficacy and safety of canakinumab in patients with colchicine-resistant familial Mediterranean fever: results from the randomised phase III CLUSTER trial’’ by Satis et al
Seza Ozen, Fabrizio De Benedetti
Correspondence on ‘Rheumatoid arthritis-associated DNA methylation sites in peripheral blood mononuclear cells’
Honglin Wang, Lei Niu
Response to ‘Correspondence on ‘Rheumatoid arthritis-associated DNA methylation sites in peripheral blood mononuclear cells’’ by Wang and Niu
Pei He, Hong Zhu, Long-Fei Wu, Fei-Yan Deng, Shu-Feng Lei
Role of interaction between B cells and epithelial cells in pSS
Sarah Pringle, Gwenny M Verstappen, Hendrika Bootsma, Frans G M Kroese
Response to: ‘Role of interaction between B cells and epithelial cells in pSS’ by Pringle et al
Elodie Rivière, Xavier Mariette, Gaetane Nocturne
Elucidation of disease mechanisms underlying rheumatic immune-related adverse events may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases
Ryu Watanabe, Motomu Hashimoto
Management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced polymyalgia rheumatica
Kornelis S M van der Geest, Maria Sandovici, Abraham Rutgers, T Jeroen N Hiltermann, Sjoukje F Oosting, Riemer H J A Slart, Elisabeth Brouwer
