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Diagnostic measures for severe acute malnutrition in Indian infants under 6?months of age: a secondary data analysis
Ranadip Chowdhury, Nitika, Tarun Shankar Choudhary, Sunita Taneja, Jose Martines, Nita Bhandari & Rajiv Bahl
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02629-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 158 (2021)
Weight for length z-score (WLZ)?<???3 is currently used to define severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among infants. However, this approach has important limitations for infants younger than 6?months of age as WLZ cannot be calculated using WHO growth standards if infant length is <?45?cm. Moreover, length for age z-score (LAZ) and weight for length z-score (WLZ) are least reliable measures, with high chances of variation, and less chances of detecting undernutrition in under 6?months infants. The objective of the current analysis was to compare WLZ with WAZ and LAZ in a cohort of Indian infants in predicting the deaths between 6?weeks and 6?months of age.
A large retroperitoneal lipoblastoma as an incidental finding: a case report
Elena Gerhard-Hartmann, Verena Wiegering, Clemens Benoit, Thomas Meyer, Andreas Rosenwald, Katja Maurus & Karen Ernestus
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02628-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 159 (2021)
Lipoblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm of infancy that most commonly occurs on the extremities and trunk but can arise at variable sites of the body. Retroperitoneal lipoblastomas are particularly rare but can grow to enormous size, and preoperative diagnosis is difficult with diverse, mostly malignant differential diagnoses that would lead to aggressive therapy. Since lipoblastoma is a benign tumor that has an excellent prognosis after resection, correct diagnosis is crucial.
Parents’ experiences of caring for a young child with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative evidence
B. Kimbell, J. Lawton, C. Boughton, R. Hovorka & D. Rankin
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02569-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 160 (2021)
To synthesise the qualitative evidence on parents’ experiences of caring for a child aged ?8?years with type 1 diabetes to identify: the challenges they encounter; their views about support received; ways in which support could be improved; and, directions for future research.
Neonatal systemic juvenile Xanthogranuloma with Hydrops diagnosed by Purpura skin biopsy: a case report and literature review
Yohji Uehara, Yuka Sano Wada, Yuka Iwasaki, Kota Yoneda, Yasuhisa Ikuta, Shoichiro Amari, Hidehiko Maruyama, Keiko Tsukamoto, Tetsuya Isayama, Kenichi Sakamoto, Yoko Shioda, Osamu Miyazaki, Rie Irie, Takako Yoshioka, Naoko Mochimaru, Kazue Yoshida & Yushi Ito
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02632-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 161 (2021)
Systemic juvenile xanthogranuloma is a very rare disease typically presents as skin lesions with yellow papules or nodules and is sometimes fatal. We report a case of congenital neonatal systemic juvenile xanthogranuloma with atypical skin appearance that made the diagnosis difficult.
A home-based, post-discharge early intervention program promotes motor development and physical growth in the early preterm infants: a prospective, randomized controlled trial
Juan Fan, Jianhui Wang, Xianhong Zhang, Ruiyun He, Shasha He, Mei Yang, Yujie Shen, Xiaojun Tao, Mei Zhou, Xiong Gao & Lijun Hu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02627-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 162 (2021)
The implementation of early intervention (EI) in medical settings is time-consuming and resource-intensive, which limits its extensive use. In 2018, the Chinese Eugenics Association developed a home-based, post-discharge EI program. This study aims at evaluating the impact of this EI program on neurodevelopment and physical growth of early preterm infants.
Maternal and neonatal factors associated with child development in Cear?, Brazil: a population-based study
Hermano A. L. Rocha, Christopher R. Sudfeld, ?lvaro J. M. Leite, M?rcia M. T. Machado, Sabrina G. M. O. Rocha, Jocileide S. Campos, Anamaria C. e Silva & Luciano L. Correia
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02623-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 163 (2021)
The first 1000?days of life are a critical period when the foundations of child development and growth are established. Few studies in Latin America have examined the relationship of birth outcomes and neonatal care factors with development outcomes in young children. We aimed to assess the association between pregnancy and neonatal factors with children’s developmental scores in a cross-sectional, population-based study of children in Cear?, Brazil.
Health and adverse childhood experiences among homeless youth
Andrew J. Barnes, Amy L. Gower, Mollika Sajady & Katherine A. Lingras
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02620-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 164 (2021)
Homelessness is associated with health problems and with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). The risk of chronic health conditions for homeless compared to housed youth, and how this risk interacts with ACEs remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between ACEs, housing, and child health, and whether: 1) ACEs and health vary by housing context; 2) ACEs and homelessness confer independent health risks; and 3) ACEs interact with housing with regard to adolescent health.
Pattern of comorbidities in school-aged children with cerebral palsy in Cross River State, Nigeria
Roseline E. Duke, Chimaeze Torty, Uche Okorie, Min J. Kim, Nnena Eneli, Ukam Edadi, Kathryn Burton, Cally Tann & Richard Bowman
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02637-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 165 (2021)
To describe the pattern of comorbidities in school-aged children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to identify which, if any, were associated with poor school attendance.
Treatment administered to newborns with congenital syphilis during a penicillin shortage in 2015, Fortaleza, Brazil
Ana F?tima Braga Rocha, Maria Alix Leite Ara?jo, Melanie M. Taylor, Edna O. Kara & Nathalie Jeanne Nicole Broutet
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02619-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 166 (2021)
Between 2014 and 2016, Brazil experienced a severe shortage in penicillin supply, resulting in a lack of treatment among some pregnant women and newborns with syphilis and the use of non-evidence-based regimens. This study evaluated all live births in Fortaleza reported with CS in 2015 in order to identify the different therapeutic regimens used in newborns during this period of penicillin shortage.
Targeting human milk fortification to improve very preterm infant growth and brain development: study protocol for Nourish, a single-center randomized, controlled clinical trial
Mandy B. Belfort, Lianne J. Woodward, Sara Cherkerzian, Hunter Pepin, Deirdre Ellard, Tina Steele, Christoph Fusch, P. Ellen Grant & Terrie E. Inder
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02635-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 167 (2021)
Human milk is recommended for very preterm infants, but its variable macronutrient content may contribute to undernutrition during a critical period in development. We hypothesize that individually targeted human milk fortification is more effective in meeting macronutrient requirements than the current standard of care.
Perceptions and practices on newborn care and managing complications at rural communities in Bangladesh: a qualitative study
Abu Sayeed Md. Abdullah, Koustuv Dalal, Masuma Yasmin, Gainel Ussatayeva, Abdul Halim & Animesh Biswas
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02633-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 168 (2021)
Community misperception on newborn care and poor treatment of sick newborn attributes to neonatal death and illness severity. Misperceptions and malpractices regarding neonatal care and neonatal complications are the leading causes of neonatal deaths in Bangladesh. The study was conducted to explore neonatal care’s perceptions and practices and manage complications among Bangladesh’s rural communities.
Multi-domain cognitive impairments at school age in very preterm-born children compared to term-born peers
Elise Roze, Sijmen A. Reijneveld, Roy E. Stewart & Arend F. Bos
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02641-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 169 (2021)
Preterm infants are at risk for functional impairments in motor, cognitive, and behavioral development that may persist into childhood. The aim of this study was to determine the co-occurrence of cognitive impairments in multiple cognitive domains at school age in very preterm born children compared to term-born children.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of hepatoblastoma in 316 children aged under 3?years – a 14-year retrospective single-center study
Tian Zhi, Wei-Ling Zhang, Yi Zhang, Hui-Min Hu & Dong-Sheng Huang
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02630-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 170 (2021)
The aim of the present study was to summarize the clinical characteristics of in children aged under 3?years and analyze the related factors affecting the prognosis.
Assessment of feasibility and acceptability of family-centered care implemented at a neonatal intensive care unit in India
Arti Maria, James A. Litch, Maria Stepanchak, Enisha Sarin, Rashmi Wadhwa & Harish Kumar
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02644-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 171 (2021)
A family-centered care (FCC) parent participation program that ensures an infant is not separated from parents against their will was developed for the caring of their small or sick newborn at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Delhi, India. Healthcare provider sensitization training directed at psychosocial and tangible support and an audio-visual training tool for parent-attendants were developed that included: 1) handwashing, infection prevention, protocol for entry; 2) developmentally supportive care, breastfeeding, expression of breastmilk and assisted feeding; 3) kangaroo mother care; and 4) preparation for discharge and care at home. The study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the FCC model in a NICU in India.
Common diagnoses among pediatric attendances at emergency departments
Shuen Yin Celine Yoong, Peck Har Ang, Shu-Ling Chong, Yong-Kwang Gene Ong, Nur Diana Bte Zakaria, Khai Pin Lee & Jen Heng Pek
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02646-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 172 (2021)
Pediatric patients present to Emergency Departments (EDs) with a variety of medical conditions. An appreciation of the common presenting conditions can aid EDs in the provision of pediatric emergency care. In this study, we established the common pediatric diagnoses seen at the general EDs, with reference to a pediatric ED.
Stigma and psychological distress among pediatric participants in the FD/MAS Alliance Patient Registry
Amanda Konradi
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02647-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 173 (2021)
Stigma, both enacted and internalized, is part of the illness experience of many chronic conditions / diseases and has been found to increase psychological distress, lower self-esteem, and impact social engagement lowering quality of life (QOL). Stigma among pediatric patients is of particular concern due to its potential impact on identity formation. Using patient data from the online FD/MAS Alliance Patient Registry (FDMASAPR), this study seeks to 1) determine levels of enacted and self-stigma in a pediatric population of fibrous dysplasia (FD) / McCune Albright syndrome (MAS) patients and 2) to explore the relationship between stigma and anxiety and depression.
Cystic fibrosis in disguise – the wolf in sheep’s clothing, a case report
Friederike Wilbert, Sarah C. Grünert, Andrea Heinzmann & Sebastian F. N. Bode
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02636-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 174 (2021)
Childhood hypoglycemia in combination with hepatomegaly is suspicious for inborn errors of metabolism. Cystic fibrosis typically presents with failure to thrive, pulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms. Hepatic involvement and hypoglycemia can occur in a significant number of patients, although hepatomegaly is uncommon.
Novel mutations in the PHKB gene in an iranian girl with severe liver involvement and glycogen storage disease type IX: a case report and review of literature
Zahra Beyzaei, Fatih Ezgu, Bita Geramizadeh, Alireza Alborzi & Alireza Shojazadeh
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02648-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 175 (2021)
Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type IXb is one of the rare variants of GSDs. It is a genetically heterogeneous metabolic disorder due to deficient hepatic phosphorylase kinase activity. Diagnosis of GSD can be difficult because of overlapping manifestations. Mutation analysis of the genes related to each type of GSD is supposed to be problem-solving, however, the presence of novel mutations can be confusing. In this case report, we will describe our experience with a young girl with the diagnosis of GSD and two novel mutations related to GSD type IXb.
Survival and predictors of mortality among severe acute malnourished under-five children admitted at Felege-Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, northwest, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study
Amare Kassaw, Desalegne Amare, Minyichil Birhanu, Aragaw Tesfaw, Shegaw Zeleke, Getachew Arage & Demewoz Kefale
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02651-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 176 (2021)
Malnutrition is still a global public health problem contributing for under-five morbidity and mortality. The case is similar in Ethiopia in which severe acute malnutrition is the major contributor to mortality being an underlying cause for nearly 45% of under-five deaths. However, there is no recent evidence that shows the time to death and public health importance of oxygen saturation and chest in drawing in the study area. Therefore, estimated time to death and its predictors can provide an input for program planners and decision-makers.
The effect of sevoflurane anesthesia for dental procedure on neurocognition in children: a prospective, equivalence, controlled trial
Pinping Zhou, Chao Zhang, Guijin Huang, Yuan Hu, Wenzhu Ma & Cong Yu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02649-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 177 (2021)
Dental procedures under general anesthesia (DGA) was found to improve the oral health-related quality of children’s life. However, some parents and pediatricians expressed concern about the neurotoxicity of general anesthesia. The purpose of this trial was to whether DGA in children has an adverse effect on neurocognition.
The effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on the mental health status of attention-deficit hyperactive children: a randomized controlled trial
Mostafa Hemamy, Naseh Pahlavani, Alireza Amanollahi, Sheikh Mohammed Shriful Islam, Jenna McVicar, Gholamreza Askari & Mahsa Malekahmadi
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02631-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 178 (2021)
Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by varying severity in attention deficit and hyperactivity. Studies have shown deficiencies in the serum level of magnesium and vitamin D in people with ADHD. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on mental health in children with ADHD.
Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with multiple rare-earth magnets ingestion: a single-center experience from China
Yucan Zheng, Zhihua Zhang, Kunlong Yan, Hongmei Guo, Mei Li, Min Lian & Zhifeng Liu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02642-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 179 (2021)
The aim of this study was to characterize patients who ingested multiple rare-earth magnets, reveal the harm of rare-earth magnet foreign bodies in the digestive tract, and develop a clinical management algorithm.
Eating behaviour, physical activity, TV exposure and sleeping habits in five year olds: a latent class analysis
Molly Mattsson, Deirdre M. Murray, Mairead Kiely, Fergus P. McCarthy, Elaine McCarthy, Regien Biesma & Fiona Boland
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02640-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 180 (2021)
Diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and sleep time are considered major contributory factors of the increased prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. The aims of this study were to (1) identify behavioural clusters of 5 year old children based on lifestyle behaviours, (2) explore potential determinants of class membership, and (3) to determine if class membership was associated with body measure outcomes at 5 years of age.
Early immune responses and prognostic factors in children with COVID-19: a single-center retrospective analysis
Wenjie Lu, Li Yang, Xiong Li, Ming Sun, Aiping Zhang, Shanshan Qi, Zhi Chen, Lannan Zhang, Jianxin Li & Hao Xiong
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02561-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 181 (2021)
Early diagnostic indicators and the identification of possible progression to severe or critical COVID-19 in children are unknown. To investigate the immune characteristics of early SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and possible key prognostic factors for early identification of critical COVID-19, a retrospective study including 121 children with COVID-19 was conducted. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subset counts, T cell-derived cytokine concentrations, inflammatory factor concentrations, and routine blood counts were analyzed statistically at the initial presentation.
Accelerometer measured physical activity patterns of children during segmented school day in Abu Dhabi
Rahma Ajja, Ludmilla F. Wikkeling-Scott, Keith Brazendale, Rafiq Hijazi & Abdishakur Abdulle
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02639-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 182 (2021)
The overwhelming majority of United Arab Emirates (UAE) school-aged children do not meet the 60?min per day recommendation of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Understanding the different school day segments contribution to children reaching this goal is a crucial step toward developing successful strategies to promote school day MVPA levels. This study aimed to objectively measure children’s’ physical activity levels and to examine the difference in physical activity levels between high active and low active children during the school day in Abu Dhabi.
Growth patterns and clinical outcomes in association with breastfeeding duration in HIV exposed and unexposed infants: a cohort study in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
Larisha Pillay, Dhayendre Moodley, Lynda Marie Emel, Ntombifikile Maureen Nkwanyana & Kimesh Naidoo
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02662-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 183 (2021)
Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and breastfeeding with complementary feeds until 12?months for HIV exposed and uninfected (HEU) infants or 24?months for HIV unexposed (HU) infants is the current World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendation for low and middle income countries (LMICs) to improve clinical outcomes and growth trajectories in infants. In a post-hoc evaluation of HEU and HU cohorts, we examine growth patterns and clinical outcomes in the first 9 months of infancy in association with breastfeeding duration.
Improvement in BMI z-score following adenotonsillectomy in adolescents aged 12–18?years: a retrospective cohort study
Keren Nathan, Galit Livnat, Liat Feraru & Giora Pillar
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02634-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 184 (2021)
Characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) changes with age. Infants, toddlers and prepubertal children with OSA are usually underweight and may suffer from failure to thrive (FTT). Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) is the first line of treatment for OSA in childhood. In adults OSA is commonly associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The change in body mass index (BMI) in adolescents with OSA following T&A was only sporadically studied. Thus, we peruse to examine the BMI z-score change following T&A in adolescents.
Influence of weight status on bone mineral content measured by DXA in children
Francisco S?nchez Ferrer, Ernesto Cortes Castell, Francisco Carratal? Marco, Mercedes Juste Ruiz, José Antonio Quesada Rico & Ana Pilar Nso Roca
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02665-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 185 (2021)
Childhood obesity is a public health problem with repercussions in later life. As tissue formation peaks in childhood we determined how weight status influences bone mineral content.
Efficacy of Mobile phone use on adherence to Nevirapine prophylaxis and retention in care among the HIV-exposed infants in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV: a randomized controlled trial
Lilian M. N. Kebaya, Dalton Wamalwa, Nyambura Kariuki, Bashir Admani, Philip Ayieko & Ruth Nduati
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02660-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 186 (2021)
HIV is a major contributor to infant mortality. A significant gap remains between the uptake of infant and maternal antiretroviral regimens and only a minority of HIV-exposed infants receives prophylaxis and safe infant feeding. Losses to follow-up of HIV-exposed infants are associated with shortcomings of facility-based PMTCT models with weak community support of linkages. Use of mobile phones offers an opportunity for improving care and promoting retention assessed by timely attendance of scheduled appointments for the mother-baby pairs and achievement of an HIV-free generation. The objective of this study was to compare self-reported adherence to infant Nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis and retention in care assessed by timely attendance of scheduled appointments over 10?weeks in HIV exposed infants randomized to 2-weekly mobile phone calls (intervention) versus no phone calls (control).
Th cytokine profile in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
Wei Quan, Jingnan An, Gang Li, Guanghui Qian, Meifang Jin, Chenxi Feng, Si Li, Xiaozhong Li, Yunyun Xu & Xiaohan Hu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02659-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 187 (2021)
Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is a kind of chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a highly abnormal immune system. This study aimed to detect the serum levels of Th (T helper) cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IFN-? and TNF-?) in cSLE and healthy controls, and then to elucidate their association with clinical manifestations, disease activity and laboratory parameters. In order to provide clues for early diagnosis and timely intervention treatment of cSLE patients.
Epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of bloodstream infection caused by ESKAPEEc pathogens among hospitalized children
Xiaoshan Peng, Wei Zhou, Yu Zhu & Chaomin Wan
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02661-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 188 (2021)
Bloodstream infection (BSI) resulting from ESKAPEEc pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp) is relevant to high mortality and economic cost. Data concerning the impact of BSI due to ESKAPEEc in pediatric population was virtually scant. Our purpose was to summarize the epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of ESKAPEEc BSI among hospitalized children.
Long-term outcomes of early initiated antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan children: a Cameroonian cohort study (ANRS-12140 Pediacam study, 2008–2013, Cameroon)
Francis Ateba Ndongo, Mathurin Cyrille Tejiokem, Calixte Ida Penda, Suzie Tetang Ndiang, Jean-Audrey Ndongo, Georgette Guemkam, Casimir Ledoux Sofeu, Paul Alain Tagnouokam-ngoupo, Anfumbom Kfutwah, Philippe Msellati, Albert Faye & Josiane Warszawski
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02664-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 189 (2021)
In most studies, the virological response is assessed during the first two years of antiretroviral treatment initiated in HIV-infected infants. However, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy exposes infants to very long-lasting treatment. Moreover, maintaining viral suppression in children is difficult. We aimed to assess the virologic response and mortality in HIV-infected children after five years of early initiated antiretroviral treatment (ART) and identify factors associated with virologic success in Cameroon.
Birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mohammed Oumer, Ashenafi Tazebew & Mezgebu Silamsaw
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02653-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 190 (2021)
Neural tube defects are common congenital anomalies that result from early malformation in the development of the spinal cord and brain. It is related to substantial mortality, morbidity, disability, and psychological and economic costs. The aim of this review is to determine the pooled birth prevalence of neural tube defects and associated risk factors in Africa.
Delayed diagnosis in children with congenital heart disease: a mixed-method study
Indah K. Murni, Muhammad Taufik Wirawan, Linda Patmasari, Esta R. Sativa, Nadya Arafuri, Sasmito Nugroho & Noormanto
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02667-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 191 (2021)
Delayed diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) causes significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to determine the proportion of delayed diagnosis of CHD and factors related to the delayed diagnosis.
Preconceptional and prenatal exposure to diurnal temperature variation increases the risk of childhood pneumonia
Xiangrong Zheng, Jian Kuang, Chan Lu, Qihong Deng, Haiyu Wu, Rachael Gakii Murithi, McSherry Brownel Johnson, Wang Peng & Maolan Wu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02643-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 192 (2021)
Pneumonia is the leading cause of death and hospitalization among young children worldwide, but its risk factors remain unclear.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis on the association between anthropometric indicators of under-five children in Nigeria: NDHS 2018
Lijalem Melie Tesfaw & Haile Mekonnen Fenta
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02657-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 193 (2021)
Child malnutrition is a huge health problem having multifaceted consequences for child survival and long-term well-being. Although, several studies investigated stunting, underweight, and wasting in low- and middle-income countries, in Nigeria, the link between them received little attention. The aim of this study is, therefore, to assess the association between anthropometric indicators of under-five children such as stunting, underweight and wasting given that of other characteristics of children and households.
Primary pulmonary Ewing’s sarcoma: rare cause of massive hemothorax in a young girl-case report
Xuefeng Ling, Jianlin Tong, Liangliang Wang, Chuan Yao & Zhiying Chen
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02672-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 194 (2021)
Ewing’s sarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Rarely, extra-skeletal soft tissues and visceral organs can also be the site of origin of Ewing’s sarcoma. Primary pulmonary Ewing’s sarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy.
Epidemiological and virological characteristics of respiratory tract infections in children during COVID-19 outbreak
Yueling Zhu, Wei Li, Binbin Yang, Ruiying Qian, Fang Wu, Xue He, Qinheng Zhu, Jinling Liu, Yan Ni, Jianbing Wang & Shanshan Mao
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02654-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 195 (2021)
To investigate the impact of protective measures and isolation on respiratory tract infections in children during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Screening for marginal food security in young children in primary care
Imaan Bayoumi, Catherine S. Birken, Kimberly M. Nurse, Patricia C. Parkin, Jonathon L. Maguire, Colin Macarthur, Janis A. Randall Simpson & Cornelia M. Borkhoff
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02674-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 196 (2021)
Household food insecurity (FI), even at marginal levels, is associated with poor child health outcomes. The Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP®) is a valid and reliable 17-item parent-completed measure of nutrition risk and includes a single item addressing FI which may be a useful child-specific screening tool. We evaluated the diagnostic test properties of the single NutriSTEP® FI question using the 2-item Hunger Vital Sign™ as the criterion measure in a primary care population of healthy children ages 18?months to 5?years.
Atopic diseases in children and adolescents are associated with behavioural difficulties
Wiebke Keller, Mandy Vogel, Freerk Prenzel, Jon Genuneit, Anne Jurkutat, Cornelia Hilbert, Andreas Hiemisch, Wieland Kiess & Tanja Poulain
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02663-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 197 (2021)
Atopic diseases and behavioural difficulties in children have both been on the rise in recent decades. This study seeks to assess associations between atopic diseases and behavioural difficulties, examining the differences considering child age and how behavioural difficulties were reported (via self-report or parent-report).
Neurocognitive function among HIV-infected children on protease inhibitor -based versus non-protease inhibitor based antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: a pilot study
Damalie Nalwanga, Victor Musiime, Paul Bangirana, Erika Phelps Nishiguchi, Andrew Kiggwe, Titus Ssesanga, John M. Ssenkusu, Philippa Musoke & Sarah E. Cusick
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02676-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 198 (2021)
HIV infection is associated with significant neurocognitive deficits making maximization of cognitive function among children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) a public health imperative. Non-protease inhibitors (non-PIs) achieve higher drug levels in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) compared to PIs, potentially leading to better neurocognitive function by reducing CSF viral load and inflammation. ART that maximises children’s neurodevelopment and school achievement could result in improved quality of life and productivity as adults, but little research to date has examined whether non-PI ART is associated with better neurocognitive outcomes. We compared the neurocognitive function between children living with HIV receiving PI-based and non PI-based ART.
Trajectories of child cognitive development during ages 0–3 in rural Western China: prevalence, risk factors and links to preschool-age cognition
Lei Wang, Yifei Chen, Sean Sylvia, Sarah-Eve Dill & Scott Rozelle
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02650-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 199 (2021)
Cognitive development after age three tends to be stable and can therefore predict cognitive skills in later childhood. However, there is evidence that cognitive development is less stable before age three. In rural China, research has found large shares of children under age three are developmentally delayed, yet little is known about the trajectories of cognitive development between 0 and 3?years of age or how developmental trajectories predict later cognitive skills. This study seeks to describe the trajectories of child cognitive development between the ages of 0–3?years and examine how different trajectories predict cognitive development at preschool age.
Paediatric flat foot and foot dimension in Central Anatolia
Serap Alsancak, Senem Guner, Enver Güven, Ali Koray ?zgün, Yunis Akka? & Neslihan Alk?s
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02645-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 200 (2021)
Information on the foot structures of Central Anatolian children is limited. Foot structures of children aged 6–10?years were shown to be different according to sex and increasing age.
Respiratory syncytial virus in severe lower respiratory infections in previously healthy young Ethiopian infants
Abate Yeshidinber Weldetsadik & Frank Riedel
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02675-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 201 (2021)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the commonest cause of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in infants. However, the burden of RSV is unknown in Ethiopia. We aimed to determine the prevalence, seasonality and predictors of RSV infection in young infants with ALRI for the first time in Ethiopia.
Effect of COVID-19 on childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Chengdu, China
Ying Zhang, Yijie Huang, Tao Ai, Jun Luo & Hanmin Liu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02679-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 202 (2021)
Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a change in the incidence and transmission of respiratory pathogens was observed. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiologic characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among children in Chengdu, one of the largest cities of western China.
Bidirectional association of neurodevelopment with growth: a prospective cohort study
Xiaotong Wei, Jiajin Hu, Liu Yang, Ming Gao, Lin Li, Ning Ding, Yanan Ma & Deliang Wen
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02655-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 203 (2021)
The study aims to use the cross-lagged model and utilize data from the Born in Shenyang Cohort Study to characterize the bidirectional associations of the term-born infants’ neurodevelopment in five domains and physical growth in early life.
Correlates of bullying perpetration among Lebanese adolescents: a national study
Emmanuelle Awad, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Rabih Hallit, Michel Soufia, Pascale Salameh, Sahar Obeid & Souheil Hallit
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02678-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 204 (2021)
Presently, 1 in 4 Lebanese adolescents is involved in bullying, with 12% being perpetrators. In Lebanon, around 90% of bullying incidents occur in schools. Given the lack of studies tackling bullying perpetration in Lebanon, this study aims to identify and target risk factors of bullying perpetration among Lebanese adolescents, which would serve future prevention and intervention programs.
Reversible left ventricular noncompaction caused by hypertensive hydrocephalus: a pediatric case report
Riko Kato, Hiromichi Taneichi, Shinya Takarada, Mako Okabe, Nariaki Miyao, Hideyuki Nakaoka, Keijiro Ibuki, Sayaka Ozawa, Yuichi Adachi, Naoki Yoshimura, Kazuyoshi Saito, Fukiko Ichida & Keiichi Hirono
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02680-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 205 (2021)
Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is characterized by prominent ventricular trabeculations on cardiovascular imaging. Acquired reversible LVNC has not been reported in pediatrics without a genetic background.
Longitudinal association of dietary sources of animal and plant protein throughout childhood with menarche
Nazanin Moslehi, Golaleh Asghari, Parvin Mirmiran & Fereidoun Azizi
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02670-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 206 (2021)
Inconsistent findings have been reported for associations between protein intake and age at menarche. We aimed to investigate the association between intake of protein and protein-containing food groups during childhood with menarche among Iranian girls.
Association between handgrip strength and bone mineral density of Brazilian children and adolescents stratified by sex: a cross-sectional study
Bruna Thamyres Ciccotti Saraiva, Ricardo Ribeiro Agostinete, Ismael Forte Freitas J?nior, Daniel Eduardo Rodrigues de Sousa, Luis Alberto Gobbo, William Rodrigues Tebar & Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02669-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 207 (2021)
To examine the association of handgrip strength (HGS) and bone mineral density (BMD) of Brazilian children and adolescents.
Development of cardiorespiratory fitness standards for working memory using receiver operating curves in 15-year-old adolescents
Vin?cius Muller Reis Weber, Daniel Zanardini Fernandes, Leonardo Alex Volpato, Maria Raquel de Oliveira Bueno, Marcelo Romanzini, Jose Castro-Pi?ero & Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02681-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 208 (2021)
Working memory performance is associated with better academic achievements in children and adolescents, and it is positively related to CRF. However, what level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) discriminates higher working memory performance is not known. The purpose of this study was to identify CRF thresholds linked to working memory in adolescents.
Clinical and genetic analysis of a case with centronuclear myopathy caused by SPEG gene mutation: a case report and literature review
Gang Zhang, Min Xu, Tingting Huang, Wenxin Lin, Jinglin Chen, Wangyang Chen & Xingzhi Chang
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02656-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 209 (2021)
Centronuclear myopathy (CNM), a subtype of congenital myopathy (CM), is a group of clinical and genetically heterogeneous muscle disorders. Since the discovery of the SPEG gene and disease-causing variants, only a few additional patients have been reported.
Effectiveness of interventions on early neurodevelopment of preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Marilyn Aita, Gwenaëlle De Clifford Faugère, Andréane Lavallée, Nancy Feeley, Robyn Stremler, ?milie Rioux & Marie-Hélène Proulx
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02559-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 210 (2021)
As preterm infants’ neurodevelopment is shaped by NICU-related factors during their hospitalization, it is essential to evaluate which interventions are more beneficial for their neurodevelopment at this specific time. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions initiated during NICU hospitalization on preterm infants’ early neurodevelopment during their hospitalization and up to two weeks corrected age (CA).
Vitamin D deficiency in children with acute bronchiolitis: a prospective cross-sectional case- control study
Inbal Golan-Tripto, Neta Loewenthal, Asher Tal, Yotam Dizitzer, Yael Baumfeld & Aviv Goldbart
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02666-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 211 (2021)
25(OH) vitamin D levels are inversely associated with respiratory infections and childhood wheezing.
Updated analysis of pediatric clinical studies registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, 2008–2019
Yang Zhong, Xingyu Zhang, Lijun Zhou, Lei Li & Tao Zhang
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02658-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 212 (2021)
Since the national clinical trials registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) launched in February 2000, more than 360,000 research studies in the United States and over 200 countries have registered. As the characteristics of pediatric clinical studies keep changing over time and the results-reporting mechanism is under evolving, to know about the relevant updates of data elements and the effect of policies on the quality of reporting results is significant.
The association of dietary choline and betaine and anthropometric measurements among Iranian children: a cross-sectional study
Alireza Jafari, Yahya Jalilpiran, Katherine Suitor, Nick Bellissimo & Leila Azadbakht
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02677-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 213 (2021)
Previous studies have suggested that choline and betaine are associated with improved anthropometric measures including, BMI and waist circumference however, results are largely inconsistent and limited studies exist in children. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between dietary choline and betaine, and anthropometric measurements among Iranian children.
