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Adapting the Wheelchair Skills Program for pediatric rehabilitation: recommendations from key stakeholders
Geneviève Daoust, Paula W. Rushton, Marissa Racine, Karolann Leduc, Najoua Assila & Louise Demers
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02564-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 103 (2021)
Backed by over 20?years of research development, the Wheelchair Skills Program (WSP) has proven to be a safe and effective program to improving wheelchair skills for adult wheelchair users. However, evidence is lacking for the pediatric population, which may help to explain the limited use of the WSP in pediatric settings. While additional evidence specific to the pediatric population is needed, concurrent implementation of the WSP into pediatric clinical practice is equally prudent to allow those users to benefit from the years of accumulated WSP evidence. To facilitate implementation of evidence-based programs into practice, adaptation is also often required to improve the fit between the program and the local context. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand what adaptations, if any, are required for the WSP to be implementable in a pediatric setting.
Histological chorioamnionitis is associated with an increased risk of wheezing in preterm children less than 34 gestational weeks
Xiaoli Wang, Haiyuan Li, Qianqian Zhang, Qianwen Shen, Dan Zhu, Hong Li, Zheng Tang, Jiuru Zhao & Zhiwei Liu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02572-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 104 (2021)
Chorioamnionitis is associated with various neonatal short- and long-term morbidities. The effect of chorioamnionitis on premature children’s outcomes remains controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) and physiological development, wheezing, and atopic diseases in preterm children.
Physical ACTivity in Survivorship (PACTS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating a goal-directed therapeutic exercise program in pediatric posterior fossa brain tumor survivors
Brooke E. Kohler, Emmah Baque, Carolina X. Sandler, Denise S. K. Brookes, Caroline O. Terranova, Matthew Rixon, Tim Hassall & Stewart G. Trost
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02566-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 105 (2021)
Posterior fossa brain tumors (PFBT) are the most common solid tumor in children. Recent increases in survival rates are encouraging; however, survivors may experience a plethora of disease- and treatment-related complications that can persist into adulthood. Therapeutic exercise interventions have been shown to improve quality of survivorship in other pediatric cancer diagnoses. There is also evidence that goal-directed interventions are effective at improving motor activities, function, and self-care in children with complex health conditions. Yet, there is currently no evidence on the efficacy of goal-directed therapeutic exercise in pediatric PFBT survivors. The Physical ACTivity in Survivorship (PACTS) study aims to investigate the effects of a novel goal-directed therapeutic exercise program on cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity-related goal attainment in pediatric survivors of PFBT.
Study protocol: a multicenter, uncontrolled, open-label study of palivizumab in neonates, infants, and preschool children at high risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection
Masaaki Mori, Shinichi Watabe, Tomoaki Taguchi, Hisaya Hasegawa, Mika Ishige, Naoyuki Tanuma, Akihiro Hirakawa, Ryuji Koike & Satoshi Kusuda
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02567-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 106 (2021)
The prophylactic use of anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody (palivizumab) for severe RSV infection is not approved in Japan in specified groups of infants with neuromuscular diseases or other rare diseases associated with reduced ventilation competence or difficulty in expectoration, which increase the risk of exacerbation of severe RSV infection. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of palivizumab in pediatric patients with those rare diseases for which palivizumab is not indicated at present.
Kaposiform haemangioendothelioma: magnetic resonance imaging features in 64 cases
Suhua Peng, Chunchao Xia, Kaiying Yang, Siyuan Chen & Yi Ji
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02573-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 107 (2021)
Kaposiform haemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare, locally aggressive disorder. The presenting and imaging features of KHE can overlap with other vascular anomalies and tumours. We aimed to analyse the imaging findings of KHE disorder and highlight features most suggestive of this diagnosis.
Etiologic distribution and clinical characteristics of pediatric diabetes in 276 children and adolescents with diabetes at a single academic center
Ja Hye Kim, Yena Lee, Yunha Choi, Gu-Hwan Kim, Han-Wook Yoo & Jin-Ho Choi
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02575-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 108 (2021)
The prevalence of monogenic diabetes is estimated to be 1.1–6.3% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Europe. The overlapping clinical features of various forms of diabetes make differential diagnosis challenging. Therefore, this study investigated the etiologic distribution and clinical characteristics of pediatric diabetes, including monogenic diabetes, who presented at a single tertiary center over the last 20?years.
Clinical utility of procalcitonin in febrile infants younger than 3?months of age visiting a pediatric emergency room: a retrospective single-center study
Jun-Sung Park, Young-Hoon Byun, Jeong-Yong Lee, Jong Seung Lee, Jeong-Min Ryu & Seung Jun Choi
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02568-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 109 (2021)
Fever in infants under 90?days of age is highly likely to be caused by a severe bacterial infection (SBI) and it accounts for a large number of patients visiting the pediatric emergency room. In order to predict the bacterial infection and reduce unnecessary treatment, the classic classification system is based on white blood cell (WBC) count, urinalysis, and x-ray, and it is modified and applied at each center by incorporating recently studied biomarkers such as c-reactive protein (CRP) or procalcitonin (PCT). This study analyzed the usefulness of PCT in predicting SBI when applied along with the existing classification system, including CRP, among infants less than 90?days old who visited with a fever at a single institution pediatric emergency center.
Prevalence of problematic feeding in young children born prematurely: a meta-analysis
Britt Frisk Pados, Rebecca R. Hill, Joy T. Yamasaki, Jonathan S. Litt & Christopher S. Lee
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02574-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 110 (2021)
Difficulties related to eating are often reported in children born preterm. The objective of this study was to quantitatively synthesize available data on the prevalence of problematic feeding in children under 4?years of age who were born preterm.
Body composition in term offspring after maternal gestational diabetes does not predict postnatal hypoglycemia
Cornelia Wiechers, Lena S. Balles, Sara Kirchhof, Romy Weber, Vanessa Avellina, Jan Pauluschke-Fr?hlich, Manfred Hallschmid, Louise Fritsche, Hubert Prei?l, Andreas Fritsche, Christian F. Poets & Axel R. Franz
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02578-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 111 (2021)
Offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of neonatal complications like birth trauma due to macrosomia or postnatal hypoglycemia, as well as long-term metabolic sequelae. Neonatal body composition may be a sensitive marker of metabolic effects on the fetus caused by suboptimal glycemic control during pregnancy.
Toxic stress, health and nutrition among Brazilian children in shelters
Adriana César da Silveira, ?lvaro Jorge Madeiro Leite, Poliana Coelho Cabral, Ariclécio Cunha de Oliveira, Keciany Alves de Oliveira & Pedro Israel Cabral de Lira
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02577-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 112 (2021)
Living in a shelter is an adverse experience that generates toxic stress. This situation can cause the dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and exert a negative impact on health.The aim of the present study was to determine the association between toxic stress and social, clinical and nutritional characteristics in children at welfare institutions in a city of northeastern of Brazil.
Recurrent variant c.1680C>A in FAM20C gene and genotype-phenotype correlation in a patient with Raine syndrome: a case report
Shruti Bajaj, Fazal Nabi, Jhanvi Shah & Harsh Sheth
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02582-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 113 (2021)
Bi-allelic mutations in FAM20C gene are known to cause a rare genetic disorder- Raine syndrome (RS). The FAM20C protein binds calcium and phosphorylates proteins involved in biomineralization of bones and teeth. RS is recognized as an osteosclerotic bone dysplasia. It is characterized by distinctive facial features, generalized osteosclerosis and respiratory insufficiency along with periosteal bone formation. RS is typically described as being an aggressive skeletal dysplasia with death in the neonatal period or early infancy. However, in the recent past an increasing number of individuals having an extended life span along with a highly heterogeneous phenotype has led to classifying RS into short and extended lifespan categories.
Factors associated with neurodevelopment in preterm infants with systematic inflammation
Eun Sun Lee, Ee-Kyung Kim, Seung han Shin, Young-Hun Choi, Young Hwa Jung, Sae Yun Kim, Ji Won Koh, Eui Kyung Choi, Jung-Eun Cheon & Han-Suk Kim
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02583-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 114 (2021)
Several studies have suggested that adverse neurodevelopment could be induced by systemic inflammation in preterm infants. We aimed to investigate whether preterm infants with systemic inflammation would have impaired neurodevelopment and which biomarkers and neurophysiologic studies during inflammation are associated with poor neurodevelopment.
Magnetic resonance imaging follow-up can screen for soft tissue changes and evaluate the short-term prognosis of patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip after closed reduction
Xianghong Meng, Jianping Yang & Zhi Wang
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02587-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 115 (2021)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can show the architecture of the hip joint clearly and has been increasingly used in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) confirmation and follow-up. In this study, MRI was used to observe changes in the hip joints before and after closed reduction (CR) and to explore risk factors of residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD).
Life satisfaction in families with a child in an Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome
Christiane Chadasch & Boris Kotchoubey
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02549-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 116 (2021)
The article examines life conditions in families living together with a child in an Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS). Such families experience severe stress at financial, logistical, and existential level.
Otitis media outcomes of a combined 10-valent pneumococcal Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine schedule at 1-2-4-6?months: PREVIX_COMBO, a 3-arm randomised controlled trial
Amanda Jane Leach, Edward Kim Mulholland, Mathuram Santosham, Paul John Torzillo, Peter McIntyre, Heidi Smith-Vaughan, Nicole Wilson, Beth Arrowsmith, Jemima Beissbarth, Mark D. Chatfield, Victor M. Oguoma & Peter Stanley Morris
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02552-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 117 (2021)
Aboriginal children living in Australian remote communities are at high risk of early and persistent otitis media, hearing loss, and social disadvantage. Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) are the primary pathogens. We compared otitis media outcomes in infants randomised to either a combination of Synflorix™ (PHiD-CV10, with protein D of NTHi) and Prevenar13™ (PCV13, with 3, 6A, and 19A), with recommended schedules for each vaccine alone. We previously reported superior broader overall immunogenicity of the combination schedule at 7?months, and early superiority of PHiD-CV10 compared to PCV13 at 4?months.
Severe extensive community acquired aspergillus infection in a full?term infant accompanied with increases in white blood cell counts and C-reactive protein: a case report
Yanli Wang, Wenjing Chen, Wenshen Wu, Dongling Yu, Huiheng Yan & Xiuzhen Ye
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02588-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 118 (2021)
Aspergillus infection is more common among premature infants in neonatal intensive care units, who have decreased qualitative immune defenses and need various invasive treatment procedures. It is rare in normal full-term neonates, especially in newborn babies from the community. Moreover, the white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) level may be normal or slightly changed in fungal infections, but the neonate reported in this study had significant increases in WBC and CRP. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a full-term neonate from the community with aspergillus infection accompanied by significant increases in WBC and CRP levels.
Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability of the Performance and Fitness (PERF-FIT) test battery for children: a test for motor skill related fitness
Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman, Eline Smit, Rosemary Xorlanyo Doe-Asinyo, Stella Elikplim Lawerteh, Wendy Aertssen, Gillian Ferguson & Dorothee L. Jelsma
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02589-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 119 (2021)
The Performance and Fitness (PERF-FIT) test battery for children is a recently developed, valid assessment tool for measuring motor skill-related physical fitness in 5 to 12-year-old children living in low-income settings. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) inter-rater reliability and (2) test-retest reliability of the PERF-FIT in children from 3 different countries (Ghana, South Africa and the Netherlands).
Functional and structural evaluation in the lungs of children with repaired congenital diaphragmatic hernia
June-Young Koh, Euiseok Jung, Hyun Woo Goo, Seong-Chul Kim, Dae Yeon Kim, Jung-Man Namgoong, Byong Sop Lee, Ki-Soo Kim & Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02586-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 120 (2021)
To evaluate the long-term functional and structural pulmonary development in children with repaired congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to identify the associated perinatal-neonatal risk factors.
Giant congenital nodular melanoma in a newborn: a case report and literature review
Jun Zhou, Meng-xing Lv, Ling Duan, Yu-cheng Xie, Zhi-xiang A, Hong-fang Wu & Yan Gao
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02590-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 121 (2021)
Malignant melanoma (MM) arises predominantly after adolescence and is uncommon in children. Congenital MM in newborns is even rarer with a dearth of published literature; as a consequence, there is no uniform standard for the pathogenesis and treatment for neonatal malignant melanoma. Herein we report a case of giant congenital nodular MM in a newborn, including its clinical, imaging, pathological and molecular pathological features. This case is the largest giant congenital primary nodular malignant melanoma in utero in neonates currently reported in China.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity
Luting Peng, Su Wu, Nan Zhou, Shanliang Zhu, Qianqi Liu & Xiaonan Li
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02595-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 122 (2021)
With the increasing number of children with obesity worldwide, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disease among children. It is necessary to recognize the risk factors of NAFLD for prevention in childhood since NAFLD is asymptomatic in the early stage. Objectives. The objective of this study was to investigate possible risk factors of NAFLD in children with obesity, providing evidence for monitoring and prevention strategies at an early stage for obese children with NAFLD.
Novel ERCC2 variant in trichothiodystrophy infant: the first case report in China
Jian-Dong Chen, Wei-Dong Liao, Ling-Ying Wen & Rong-Hua Zhong
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02585-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 123 (2021)
Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare, autosomal recessive, multisystem disorder most commonly caused by variants in ERCC2.
Incidence of neural tube defects and their risk factors within a cohort of Moroccan newborn infants
Khenata Forci, El Arbi Bouaiti, Mohamed Hassan Alami, Asmaa Mdaghri Alaoui & Amal Thimou Izgua
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02584-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 124 (2021)
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a group of birth defects that result from a partial or complete failure of the neural tube to close during embryogenesis. Their prevalence varies between 0.5 to 2 per 1000 births in countries without folic acid supplementation. The aim of our study is to assess the NTDs incidence and describe the risk factors within Moroccan newborn infants.
Neonatal mortality among neonates admitted to NICU of Hiwot Fana specialized university hospital, eastern Ethiopia, 2020: a cross-sectional study design
Addis Eyeberu, Hirpo Shore, Tamirat Getachew, Genanaw Atnafe & Merga Dheresa
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02598-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 125 (2021)
In Ethiopia, neonatal mortality is unacceptably high. Despite many efforts made by the government and other partners to reduce neonatal mortality; it has been increasing since 2014. Factors associated with neonatal mortality were explained by different researchers indifferently. There is no clear evidence to identify the magnitude of neonatal mortality and associated factors in the study area. The study aimed to assess the magnitude and factors associated with neonatal mortality.
Phenylketonuria and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case report
Ting Ting Zhu, Jin Wu, Li Yuan Wang & Xiao Mei Sun
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02602-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 126 (2021)
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic metabolic disorder in which patients have no ability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine. Several autoimmune diseases have been reported to combine with PKU, co-existent of PKU and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) has not been presented.
Clinical characteristics of severe neonatal enterovirus infection: a systematic review
Meng Zhang, Haoran Wang, Jun Tang, Yang He, Tao Xiong, Wenxing Li, Yi Qu & Dezhi Mu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02599-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 127 (2021)
Enterovirus (EV) is a common cause of infection in neonates. Neonates are at high risk of enterovirus infection with serious clinical manifestations and high lethality. This review systematically summarized the clinical characteristics of neonates with severe enteroviral infection to provide evidence for the identification and treatment of severe neonatal EV infection.
Family meal participation is associated with dietary intake among 12-month-olds in Southern Norway
Elisabet R. Hillesund, Linda R. Sagedal, Elling Bere & Nina C. ?verby
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02591-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 128 (2021)
Family meal participation is associated with healthier eating among children and adolescents. Less is known about family meal participation among infants and toddlers. The objective of the present study was to explore whether family meal participation at 12?months of age is associated with dietary intake and whether a potential relationship differs according to maternal education or child sex.
Temperament, physical activity and sedentary time in preschoolers – the DAGIS study
Marja H. Lepp?nen, Kaisa Kaseva, Riikka Pajulahti, Katri S??ksj?rvi, Ella M?kynen, Elina Engberg, Carola Ray, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Nina Sajaniemi & Eva Roos
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02593-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 129 (2021)
Identifying individual characteristics linked with physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) can assist in designing health-enhancing interventions for children. We examined cross-sectional associations of temperament characteristics with 1) PA and SED and 2) meeting the PA recommendation in Finnish children.
Single-dose azithromycin for child growth in Burkina Faso: a randomized controlled trial
Ali Sié, Boubacar Coulibaly, Clarisse Dah, Mamadou Bountogo, Mamadou Ouattara, Guillaume Compaoré, Jessica M. Brogdon, William W. Godwin, Elodie Lebas, Thuy Doan, Benjamin F. Arnold, Travis C. Porco, Thomas M. Lietman & Catherine E. Oldenburg
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02601-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 130 (2021)
In lower resource settings, previous randomized controlled trials have demonstrated evidence of increased weight gain following antibiotic administration in children with acute illness. We conducted an individually randomized trial to assess whether single dose azithromycin treatment causes weight gain in a general population sample of children in Burkina Faso.
Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and young children in China
Ying Huang, Serene Yaling Tan, Panam Parikh, Vanitha Buthmanaban, Shaman Rajindrajith & Marc Alexander Benninga
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02610-6
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 131 (2021)
The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children, particularly from Asia, is largely unknown. There are not many studies done in Asia especially using the Rome IV criteria. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of FGIDs in infants and young children in a representative sample in China.
NutriBrain: protocol for a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial to evaluate the effects of a nutritional product on brain integrity in preterm infants
Lisa M. Hortensius, Edith H. van den Hooven, Jeroen Dudink, Maria Luisa Tataranno, Ruurd M. van Elburg & Manon J. N. L. Benders
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02570-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 132 (2021)
The gut microbiota and the brain are connected through different mechanisms. Bacterial colonisation of the gut plays a substantial role in normal brain development, providing opportunities for nutritional neuroprotective interventions that target the gut microbiome. Preterm infants are at risk for brain injury, especially white matter injury, mediated by inflammation and infection. Probiotics, prebiotics and L-glutamine are nutritional components that have individually already demonstrated beneficial effects in preterm infants, mostly by reducing infections or modulating the inflammatory response. The NutriBrain study aims to evaluate the benefits of a combination of probiotics, prebiotics and L-glutamine on white matter microstructure integrity (i.e., development of white matter tracts) at term equivalent age in very and extremely preterm born infants.
Maternal toxoplasmosis and the risk of childhood autism: serological and molecular small-scale studies
Jamila S. Al Malki, Nahed Ahmed Hussien & Fuad Al Malki
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02604-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 133 (2021)
Toxoplasmosis resulting from infection with the Toxoplasma parasite has become an endemic disease worldwide. Recently, a few studies have reported a high prevalence of Toxoplasmosis infections among Saudi Arabian women. This disease could become life threatening for pregnant women and for immunodeficient people. There is evidence that infections during pregnancy, especially in the early stages, are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism disorder represents one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide; it is associated with delayed language development, weak communication interaction, and repetitive behavior. The relationship between prenatal toxoplasmosis and autism in childhood remains unclear. The present study aims to report a link between maternal toxoplasmosis and autistic offspring among Saudi Arabian women.
Regional variation in cost of neonatal intensive care for extremely preterm infants
Asaph Rolnitsky, David Urbach, Sharon Unger & Chaim M. Bell
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02600-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 134 (2021)
Regional variation in cost of neonatal intensive care for extremely preterm infant is not documented. We sought to evaluate regional variation that may lead to benchmarking and cost saving.
Effects of equine-assisted activities on attention and quality of life in children with cerebral palsy in a randomized trial: examining the comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Bomi Ahn, Yoo-Sook Joung, Jeong-Yi Kwon, Dong Ik Lee, Soohwan Oh, Byoung-Uk Kim, Jung Yoon Cha, Ji-Hae Kim, Ji Young Lee, Hye Yeon Shin & Yun Sik Seo
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02597-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 135 (2021)
Attention problems and decreased quality of life are frequently accompanied in Cerebral Palsy (CP), which can negatively affect rehabilitation of physical disability. However, the majority of affected children remain untreated in the aspects of attention or psychosocial factors. Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies (EAAT) use horse as a therapeutic modality including grooming as well as mounted riding activities in which patients exercise and experience mounted stimulation. It is known to help improve attention in children with ADHD, so that it can be an exercise therapy that is expected to improvement of attention as well as rehabilitating effects in CP patients. EAA may be a promising strategy to address the unmet need for CP patients. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of EAA for children with CP, those with both CP and ADHD and confirm the comorbidity between CP and ADHD.
Impact of systematic early tuberculosis detection using Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra in children with severe pneumonia in high tuberculosis burden countries (TB-Speed pneumonia): a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial
Aurélia Vessière, Hélène Font, Delphine Gabillard, Laurence Adonis-Koffi, Laurence Borand, Chishala Chabala, Celso Khosa, Sandra Mavale, Raoul Moh, Veronica Mulenga, Juliet Mwanga-Amumpere, Jean-Voisin Taguebue, Mao Tan Eang, Christophe Delacourt, James A. Seddon, Manon Lounnas, Sylvain Godreuil, Eric Wobudeya, Maryline Bonnet & Olivier Marcy
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02576-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 136 (2021)
In high tuberculosis (TB) burden settings, there is growing evidence that TB is common in children with pneumonia, the leading cause of death in children under 5?years worldwide. The current WHO standard of care (SOC) for young children with pneumonia considers a diagnosis of TB only if the child has a history of prolonged symptoms or fails to respond to antibiotic treatments. As a result, many children with TB-associated severe pneumonia are currently missed or diagnosed too late. We therefore propose a diagnostic trial to assess the impact on mortality of adding the systematic early detection of TB using Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) performed on nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) and stool samples to the WHO SOC for children with severe pneumonia, followed by immediate initiation of anti-TB treatment in children testing positive on any of the samples.
Applying the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the implementation of the Supporting and Enhancing NICU Sensory Experiences (SENSE) program
Roberta Pineda, Jessica Roussin, Jenny Kwon, Elizabeth Heiny, Graham Colditz & Joan Smith
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02594-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 137 (2021)
To maximize the benefit of parent-directed, positive sensory exposures in the NICU, a structured sensory-based program titled the Supporting and Enhancing NICU Sensory Experiences (SENSE) program was developed that includes specific doses and targeted timing of evidence-based sensory exposures.
Newborn antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detected in cord blood after maternal vaccination – a case report
Gilbert Paul & Rudnick Chad
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02618-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 138 (2021)
Maternal vaccination for Influenza and Tetanus, Diphtheria, acellular Pertussis (TDaP) have been well studied in terms of safety and efficacy for protection of the newborn by placental passage of antibodies. Similar newborn protection would be expected after maternal vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is a significant and urgent need for research regarding safety and efficacy of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy.
Virologic response of treatment experienced HIV-infected Ugandan children and adolescents on NNRTI based first-line regimen, previously monitored without viral load
Phionah Kibalama Ssemambo, Mary Gorrethy Nalubega-Mboowa, Arthur Owora, Robert Serunjogi, Susan Kironde, Sarah Nakabuye, Francis Ssozi, Maria Nannyonga, Philippa Musoke & Linda Barlow-Mosha
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02608-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 139 (2021)
Many HIV-infected African children gained access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) through expansion of PEPFAR programs since 2004 and introduction of “Test and Treat” WHO guidelines in 2015. As ART access increases and children transition from adolescence to adulthood, treatment failure is inevitable. Viral load (VL) monitoring in Uganda was introduced in 2016 replacing clinical monitoring. However, there’s limited data on the comparative effectiveness of these two strategies among HIV-infected children in resource-limited settings (RLS).
Severe hypernatremia in children after surgical resection of hepatic echinococcosis: a rare and potentially fatal complication
Kewei Li, Yijun Liu, Xiaolong Xie, Rongxing Zhou & Bo Xiang
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02607-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 140 (2021)
Using effective scolicidal agents intraoperatively is essential to lessen the recurrence rate of hepatic echinococcosis. However, severe hypernatremia may occur after hypertonic saline (HS) has been applied as the scolicidal agent. The aim of this study is to report on pediatric patients with severe hypernatremia after hepatic echinococcus surgery.
The effect of combined transcranial pulsed current stimulation and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on lower limb spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy: a randomized and controlled clinical study
Zhenhuan Liu, Shangsheng Dong, Sandra Zhong, Fang Huang, Chuntao Zhang, Yuan Zhou & Haorong Deng
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02615-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 141 (2021)
In the current study, we applied a combination of non-invasive neuromodulation modalities concurrently with multiple stimulating electrodes. Specifically, we used transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as a novel strategy for improving lower limb spasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) categorized on levels III–V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) with minimal side effects.
Protocol for implementation of an evidence based parentally administered intervention for preterm infants
Rosemary White-Traut, Debra Brandon, Karen Kavanaugh, Karen Gralton, Wei Pan, Evan R. Myers, Bree Andrews, Michael Msall & Kathleen F. Norr
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02596-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 142 (2021)
Multi-sensory behavioral interventions for preterm infants have the potential to accelerate feeding, growth, and optimize developmental trajectories and increase parents’ interactive engagement with their infants. However, few neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) provide evidence-based standardized early behavioral interventions as routine care. Lack of implementation is a major gap between research and clinical practice. H-HOPE, is a standardized behavioral intervention with an infant- directed component (Massage+) and a parent-directed component (four participatory guidance sessions that focus on preterm infants’ behaviors and appropriate responses). H-HOPE has well documented efficacy. The purpose of this implementation study is to establish H-HOPE as the standard of care in 5 NICUs.
Growth and neurodevelopment in low birth weight versus normal birth weight infants from birth to 24?months, born in an obstetric emergency hospital in Haiti, a prospective cohort study
Marjorie Hilaire, Xanthi D. Andrianou, Annick Lenglet, Cono Ariti, Kessiane Charles, Sonja Buitenhuis, Daan Van Brusselen, Harriet Roggeveen, Elizabeth Ledger, Rodnie Selva Denat & Lindsay Bryson
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02605-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 143 (2021)
Low birthweight (LBW) infants are at higher risk of mortality and morbidity (growth, chronic disease and neurological problems) during their life. Due to the high incidence of (pre-) eclampsia in Haiti, LBW infants are common. We assessed the anthropometric growth (weight and length) and neurodevelopmental delay in LBW and normal birthweight (NBW) infants born at an obstetric emergency hospital in Port au Prince, Haiti, between 2014 and 2017.
The severity and atypical presentations of COVID-19 infection in pediatrics
Nagwan Y. Saleh, Hesham M. Aboelghar, Sherif S. Salem, Reda A. Ibrahem, Fatma O. Khalil, Ahmed S. Abdelgawad & Asmaa A. Mahmoud
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02614-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 144 (2021)
Emergence of 2019-nCoV attracted global attention and WHO declared COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. Therefore we aimed to explore the severity and atypical manifestations of COVID-19 among children.
Growth of preterm very low birth weight infants discharged with weight of less than 1500grams
Yaser Abdallah, Flavia Namiiro, Jolly Nankunda, Jamiru Mugalu & Yvonne Vaucher
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02612-4
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 145 (2021)
Early discharge of preterm very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is at times inevitable in low resource settings. The implication of such practice on the growth of this high-risk population is not known. We conducted a retrospective chart review to describe the growth of preterm VLBW infants discharged with a weight of less than 1500?g.
Increasing the spectrum of white matter diseases with tigroid pattern on MRI: glutaric aciduria type 1 – case report
Monika Bekiesinska-Figatowska, Marek Duczkowski, Agnieszka Duczkowska, Joanna Taybert, Amanda Krzywdzinska & Jolanta Sykut-Cegielska
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02603-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 146 (2021)
Most white matter diseases present on magnetic resonance imaging as focal or diffuse T2-hyperintensities. However, in a few of them, radially oriented stripes of low (relatively normal) signal intensity are observed within diffusely affected T2-hyperintense cerebral white matter and are called “tigroid pattern” in the literature. The fornix is a tiny white matter fibers bundle playing crucial role in cognitive functioning, easily overlooked on magnetic resonance imaging and not described in inborn errors of metabolism.
Evaluation of malnutrition status and clinical indications in children with celiac disease: a cross-sectional study
Zahra Setavand, Maryam Ekramzadeh & Naser Honar
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02621-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 147 (2021)
Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune systemic disorder triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, which can lead to chronic malabsorption. Considering the changes in the manifestations of CD, this study aimed to determine anthropometric indices and clinical indications in children with CD.
Factors associated with problematic internet use among a large sample of Lebanese adolescents
Joseph E. Dib, Chadia Haddad, Hala Sacre, Marwan Akel, Pascale Salameh, Sahar Obeid & Souheil Hallit
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02624-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 148 (2021)
International literature clearly describes factors associated with problematic internet use, including substance dependence, online gambling, social impairment, and functional difficulties. Therefore, it was imperative to assess the extent to which young adolescents in Lebanese schools are affected by problematic internet use (PIU) and the factors associated with it. This large-scale Lebanese survey aims to evaluate the relationship between PIU, depression, and substance use, including alcohol consumption and nicotine use (cigarettes and waterpipe) among adolescents in Lebanese schools.
Progression of pediatric celiac disease from potential celiac disease to celiac disease: a retrospective cohort study
Shruti Sakhuja & Lori R. Holtz
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02625-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 149 (2021)
A subset of patients with serology suggesting celiac disease have an initially negative biopsy but subsequently develop histopathologic celiac disease. Here we characterize patients with potential celiac disease who progress to celiac disease.
Management of Comprehensive Care of multiple-birth infants from fetal to infancy period: challenges, training, strategies
Tahereh Changiz & Mahboobeh Namnabati
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02613-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 150 (2021)
Prematurity escalates the crisis of the infants a susceptible group of the society. Multiple delivery further intensifies the susceptibility of both family and health system. A comprehensive care is, thus, necessary to ensure the optimal growth and development of such multiple-births. Accompanied by trainings, challenges, and strategies, the present study was conducted based on a two-year report of comprehensive care management experience on two sets of multiple infants.
Time to detection of anemia and its predictors among children living with HIV at Debre Tabor and University of Gondar Compressive Specialized Hospitals, 2020: a multicentre retrospective follow-up study
Ermias Sisay Chanie, Dejen Getanh Feleke, Sintayehu Asnakew, Fisha Alebel GebreEyesus, Aragaw Tesfaw, Wubet Alebachew Bayih, Agimasie Tigabu, Yared Asmare Anyalem, Abraham Tsedalu Amare, Demeke Mesfin Belay, Fentaw Teshome Dagnaw & Biruk Beletew Abate
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02616-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 151 (2021)
Even though antiretroviral therapy access for HIV infected children increased dramatically, anemia have been continued as a challenge regardless of a cluster of differentiation (CD4) count and viral load. Hence, this study aimed to assess the time to detection of anemia and its predictors among children living with HIV at Debre Tabor and university of Gondar compressive specialized hospital, 2020.
Challenge in diagnosis of late onset necrotizing enterocolitis in a term infant: a case report
Gunadi, Dian Nirmala Sirait, Aditya Rifqi Fauzi, Ninditya Nugroho, Fadil Fahri, William Widitjiarso, Kristy Iskandar & Nurnaningsih
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02626-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 152 (2021)
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common devastating inflammatory gastrointestinal disease and frequently occurs in premature infants. Here, we reported a case of late-onset NEC in a term neonate with good outcome after surgery for long-term follow-up.
NOX5 is expressed aberrantly but not a critical pathogenetic gene in Hirschsprung disease
Jing Wang, Jun Xiao, Xinyao Meng, Xufeng Chu, Di Di Zhuansun, Bo Xiong & Jiexiong Feng
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02611-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 153 (2021)
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of intramural ganglion cells in the distal gastrointestinal tract (GI), which results in tonic contraction of the aganglionic gut segment and functional intestinal obstruction. Recent studies have suggested NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) as a candidate risk gene for HSCR. In this study, we examined the function of NOX5 to verify its role in the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS).
Racially equitable diagnosis of cystic fibrosis using next-generation DNA sequencing: a case report
Bennett O. V. Shum, Glenn Bennett, Akash Navilebasappa & R. Kishore Kumar
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02609-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 154 (2021)
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is one of the most prevalent autosomal recessive inherited disease in Caucasians. Rates of CF were thought to be negligible in non-Caucasians but growing epidemiological evidence shows CF is more common in Indian, African, Hispanic, Asian, and other ethnic groups than previously thought. Almost all second-tier molecular diagnostic tools currently used to confirm the diagnosis of CF consist of panels of the most common CF-causing DNA variants in Caucasians. However non-Caucasian individuals with CF often have a different spectrum of pathogenic variants than Caucasians, limiting the clinical utility of existing molecular diagnostic panels in this group. As a consequence of racially inequitable CF testing frameworks, non-Caucasians with CF encounter greater delays in diagnosis and associated harms than Caucasians. An unbiased approach of detecting CF-causing DNA variants using full gene sequencing could potentially address racial inequality in current CF testing.
Priorities for intervention to prevent diarrhea among children aged 0–23?months in northeastern Ethiopia: a matched case-control study
Alemwork Baye, Metadel Adane, Tadesse Sisay & Habtamu Shimels Hailemeskel
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02592-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 155 (2021)
The global public health problem of diarrhea is most prevalent in developing countries including Ethiopia, especially among children under two years of age. Limited information on the determinants of diarrhea among children aged 0–23?months hinders the design and prioritization of intervention strategies to address childhood diarrhea in Dessie City, northeastern Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the determinants of diarrhea in order to identify priority interventions for its control.
Reference intervals for 26 common biochemical analytes in term neonates in Jilin Province, China
Kaijin Wang, Xuetong Zhu, Qi Zhou & Jiancheng Xu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02565-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 156 (2021)
Biochemical analytes provide information for neonatal disease management and therapy, and population-based reference intervals (RIs) are essential to accurately interpret laboratory test results. This study aimed to establish local RIs for biochemical assays in term neonates.
Tight junction protein ZO-1 in Kawasaki disease
Wan-Tz Lai, Hung-Chang Lee, Ying-Hsien Huang, Mao-Hung Lo & Ho-Chang Kuo
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02622-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 157 (2021)
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of systemic febrile vasculitis that is complicated with coronary artery lesions (CAL). The tight junctions that maintain the intestinal barrier also play a role in systemic inflammatory diseases. Serum zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression was found to be significantly lower in asthmatic patients, and another study reported that elevated systemic ZO-1 was positively correlated with inflammation in cirrhotic patients. A murine model of KD vasculitis demonstrated that vasculitis depended on intestinal barrier dysfunction, which is maintained by tight junctions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the tight junction zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the treatment response of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and the occurrence of CAL formation in KD patients.
