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Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) for the treatment and enhancement of mental and physical conditions: A systematic review of human trials
Adrian L.LoprestiabStephen J.Smithab
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100434
Volume 28, August 2021, 100434
Ashwagandha is a medicinal plant that has been used in Ayurvedic and indigenous medicine for over 3000 years. Because interest and the popularity of ashwagandha has increased in several Western countries, there are an increasing number of human trials evaluating its efficacy across a range of conditions. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, human trials assessing the effects of ashwagandha on mental and/or physical conditions, and/or human performance, used as a stand-alone or adjunct intervention, and delivered as a single ingredient, were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Forty-one studies were identified examining the effects of ashwagandha on stress and anxiety, sexual function and fertility, athletic performance, cognitive performance, pain, fatigue, thyroid function, schizophrenia, diabetes, obsessive-compulsive disorder, insomnia, hypercholesterolemia, and tuberculosis. Results from most of these studies indicated positive effects from ashwagandha intake, although treatment dose, duration, and extract types varied significantly. Moreover, trials often comprised of small sample sizes and were primarily conducted in India (32 studies). Overall, the strongest evidence for therapeutic efficacy of ashwagandha is the alleviation of stress and anxiety symptoms. The results from this systematic review suggest ashwagandha has a potentially large array of therapeutic applications. However, while promising, the significant heterogeneity across studies and the limited number of investigations means further research utilising robust and adequately-powered study designs are required.
Traditional herbal medicines used in obesity management: A systematic review of ethnomedicinal surveys
Muhammad ZakariyyahAumeeruddyaMohamad FawziMahomoodallybc
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100435
Volume 28, August 2021, 100435
This review provides a compiled list of traditionally used medicinal plants used worldwide in the management of obesity.
A review on medicinal plants evaluated for anti-diabetic potential in clinical trials: Present status and future perspective
NaveenY.P.aAsnaUroojbKullaiahByrappaa
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100436
Volume 28, August 2021, 100436
Diabetes mellitus is an insulin-related metabolic disorder characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia. The disorder has been primarily treated by various synthetic drugs that ameliorate the altered glycemic status in diabetic subjects. Although synthetic drugs are efficient, they have notable side effects together with their beneficial action. Medicinal plants have been used since ages to treat diabetes and associated conditions in various healthcare systems around the globe. Although the medicinal plants have been used for a very long time as primary health care needs, they have not been completely utilized as acceptable drugs in the treatment of diabetes because of lack of knowledge of their chemical composition, preparation procedure, active bio-actives present, possible side effects and ambiguity on the effective form and dosage of administration. A vast number of medicinal plants have been attributed to have anti-diabetic potential in preliminary assays, but most of them do not reach the clinical trial level due to incomplete information on the above-mentioned parameters. The present review gives a general picture of medicinal plants that have been assessed in human diabetic subjects, which can be developed either in combination with other medicinal plants or alone as medication for diabetes and drawbacks which should be properly addressed so that medicinal plants can be effectively utilized as anti-diabetic drugs.
Wound healing gel containing compound 2?-acetoxysandaracopimaradien-1?-ol from Kaempferia marginata rhizomes
SirikornThanasakdechaabSupinyaTewtrakulabc
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100437
Volume 28, August 2021, 100437
Kaempferia marginata Carey (Zingiberaceae family) has been widely used for the treatment of fever, inflammation and insect bite in northeastern Thailand. The whole plant decoction has been used for the treatment of fever. Previously, the authors reported the wound healing effect of K. marginata extract. This study is therefore aimed to investigate wound healing activity of compounds from K. marginata in the cell-based assay and to develop the gel formulation of selected compounds from this plant as well as to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological stabilities of gel containing K. marginata compound. The wound healing assay was performed using the human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) on cell proliferation and migration. Three gel formulations containing 0.1 %, 0.25 % and 0.5 % KM1 (2?-acetoxysandaracopimaradien-1?-ol) were evaluated for the physical, chemical and biological stabilities both before and after the heating-cooling test. The wound healing activities of compounds (KM1-11) indicated that KM1 and KM5 showed higher cell proliferation and migration activity than those of Aloe vera gel. Besides, gels containing 0.1 %, 0.25 % and 0.5 % KM1 showed the highest cell viability (106.00–123.96 %) and the highest HDF cell migration at day 3 (83.35–100 %) which were better than those of Aloe vera gel. The pH of three gel formulas both before and after the heating-cooling test was in the range 5.5–6.5. This study concluded that the gel containing 0.1 %, 0.25 % and 0.5 % KM1 could be used as a wound healing application due to good physical, chemical and biological stabilities.
Citrus species – a golden treasure box of metabolites that is beneficial against disorders
SrimathiRaghavanJayaramanGurunathan
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100438
Volume 28, August 2021, 100438
Citrus species are one of the major cultivated crops throughout the globe and have broad economic and pharmaceutical importance. Citrus-based products are used in various food and medicinal industries due to their strong fragrance and therapeutic properties. They are rich in micro as well as macronutrients. Analysis of their compounds has led to the identification of biologically active components which include flavonoids and alkaloids that contribute to pharmaceutical prominence. In this review, a systematic analysis of the research has been carried out on the utility of citrus and metabolites, during the past decade. Prominent actions like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anti-cancer and anti-venom properties of citrus are also compiled to enable further in-depth studies.
Effects of boiled garlic and Shirazi lemon on blood lipids in hyperlipidemic patients: A quasi-experimental study
HoseinAjamzibadaTaherehBaloochi BeydokhtibFaezeMohtashamcMahmood RezaNematollahid
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100439
Volume 28, August 2021, 100439
As the role of natural compounds in reducing cardiovascular risk factors is of interest to researchers, this study was conducted to determine the effect of boiled garlic and Shirazi lemon on blood lipids.
Treatment of cancer-related fatigue with ginseng: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Tahereh FathiNajafiaNarjesBahribHamid RezaTohidinikcdSaharFeyzaFarnazBlokiaSaforaSavarkaraShayestehJahanfare
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100440
Volume 28, August 2021, 100440
Cancer-related fatigue is one of the main problems in cancer patients. Physicians and cancer patients might seek complementary treatments to improve well- being since it is believed that ginseng has numerous beneficial effects. The main aim of this paper is to assess the effects of ginseng supplements to improve cancer-related fatigue in cancer patients. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus from inspection until December 2018. Keywords and phrases are separated by the Boolean operator "AND". The keywords Ginseng "AND" fatigue "AND" cancer "AND" clinical trial" "randomized clinical trial" "OR" neoplasm in the title, abstract, or keywords of the mentioned websites were searched. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized RCTs were included to compare the use of ginseng alone or with any alternative treatment or placebo in cancer patients. In total five RCTs comprising 347 individuals in the ginseng group and 336 individuals in the control group were included. There was a significant heterogeneity between studies (chi-squared Q = 152.29 (df = 4, p-value ? 0.001). Based on the proportion of total variance due to between-study variance, this heterogeneity was high (I2 = 97.4 %). After pooling the data based on the random effect model, the authors observed that ginseng significantly improved fatigue compared to the control group (pooled SMD = 1.24; 95 % CI: 0.05–2.42). This study suggests that ginseng can improve fatigue in cancer patient. However more well-designed randomized trials are needed.
Screening study of enzymatic inhibition of medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes using a glucometer biosensor approach and optical method
RaouiaAttaallahDouniaElfadilAzizAmine
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100441
Volume 28, August 2021, 100441
Based on their traditional use in diabetic control thirty medicinal plants were screened for their inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (AG) and alpha amylase (AA) activities.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a commercial Aloe vera gel for mitigation of phototherapy side-effects in vitiligo patients
MarwaAkhdaraRobabehAbedinibSoheilTavakolpourcZeinabGholibeigiandArghavanAzizpourb
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100442
Volume 28, August 2021, 100442
Aloe vera gel could be used for various skin conditions, such as psoriasis, skin irritations, and wound healing. However, there is no study on its efficacy for mitigating the phototherapy-related side-effects in vitiligo patients.
In vitro pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory effects of Treculia africana Decne. (Moraceae) and Entandrophragma angolense Welw (Meliaceae) extracts on prostate cancer cells
StéphaneZingueabcJochenRutzbSebastianMaxeinerbDerek TantohNdintehcFelix K.-H.ChunbEvaJüngeldDieudonnéNjamenceRomanBlahetab
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100443
Volume 28, August 2021, 100443
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men and there is an increasing interest in chemoprevention to fight it. The authors sought a scientific rationale for the traditional use of six Cameroonian medicinal plants for the treatment of prostate inflammation/tumour. The prostate cells viability incubated with each ethanolic plant extract was determined after 24, 48 and 72 h using the MTT assay. The antitumor mechanisms of promising extracts [Treculia africana (TA) and Entandrophragma angolense (EA)] were further assessed by evaluating cell growth, cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell death mechanisms and cell migration. Only TA and EA significantly inhibited LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 prostate carcinoma cells growth and proliferation at the optimal concentrations (20–50 ?g/mL). Furthermore, they significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells in PC3 cells at 20 ?g/mL, while only TA significantly increased the number of G0/G1 cells in both DU145 and PC3 at 50 ?g/mL. Cell cycle proteins (pcdk1, cdk2, pcdk2) were down-regulated by TA in both DU145 and PC3 cells. EA induced an overexpression of caspase-3 in both tested cells; meanwhile it induced an underexpression of cdk2. Apoptosis-related proteins Akt, pAkt and Bcl-2 were down-regulated in both DU145 and PC3 cells while caspase-3 was up-regulated following treatment with EA and TA. TA and EA inhibited cell chemotaxis and migration, while it increased cell adhesion to a fibronectin matrix. Taken altogether, these findings suggest that Treculia africana and Entandrophragma angolense might contain phyto-constituents which can be a promising strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Berberis integerrima on the clinical signs, hs-CRP, TNF?, and ESR in active rheumatoid arthritis patients
SaraKhorshidi-SedehiaNaheedAryaeianaFarhadShahrambMaassoumehAkhlaghibMahdiMahmoudibManijehMotevaliancFarzanehAsgari -TaeeaAghaFatemehHosseinid
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100444
Volume 28, August 2021, 100444
To evaluate the effects of Barberry (Berberis integerrima) on clinical signs and inflammatory factors in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Antibacterial activity of herbal extracts towards uropathogenic Enterococcus isolates as a natural approach in control of urinary tract infections
IvicaDimki?a1IvanaGobinb1GabrijelaBegi?bDavorka RepacAnti?bcPetarRistivojevi?dKarloJuricaeTanjaBeri?aJelenaLozoaMajaAbrambcSlavi?aStankovi?a
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100445
Volume 28, August 2021, 100445
Antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy through a synergistic effect of herbal leaf extracts of bearberry (BE), bearberry tea (BTE), parsley (PE), and the strawberry tree (STE) was evaluated to discover an alternative approach to control urinary tract infections caused by Enterococci. UHPLC–DAD MS/MS analysis indicated that herbal extracts were rich in ellagic and gallic acids, catechin, quercetin, and arbutin, which are strong antioxidants. Mostly, Enterococcus faecalis isolates showed resistance only to gentamicin and/or norfloxacin (26.3 %) and moderate biofilm production (31.5 %), while 12 isolates of Enterococcus faecium showed multiple antibiotic resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentration for the majority of isolates was 1.25 mg ml?1 for STE, but 2.5 mg ml?1 for BE and BTE. Although individual extracts gave higher MIC values, for most isolates, a synergistic effect at lower concentrations was achieved, when BE or BTE (0.625 mg ml?1) was combined with STE (0.31 mg ml?1). The BTE extract was shown to have the strongest individual effect on initial adhesiveness and on biofilm formation to all selected isolates, while the synergism of BTE and STE caused significant biofilm inhibition at all concentrations tested. The synergistic effect achieved of the tested extract combinations might be a starting point in the development of alternative products, effective against antibiotic resistant Enterococcus isolates.
Thyme essential oil as an antimicrobial and biofilm inhibitory agent against abscesses with P. mirabilis Infections
KemalBeksacaGulcanSahalbHanife GulerDonmezc
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100446
Volume 28, August 2021, 100446
Abscesses are high density microbial infections of which biofilm formation plays a crucial role on their recurrence and chronicity. In this study, the authors aim was to determine biofilm formations of three different abscess cultures and to investigate antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of clary sage, clove and thyme oils against the identified bacterial strain isolated from the highest biofilm forming abscess culture.
Herbal products containing aristolochic acids: A call to revisit the context of safety
Li PeiAngaPit WeiNgbYen LoongLeanaVijayKotraaNurolainiKiflicHui PohGohcKah SengLeedMd. Moklesur R.SarkerefYaser MohammedAl-WorafigLong ChiauMingc
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100447
Volume 28, August 2021, 100447
Herbal products are used globally for their perceived health benefits, and as a complement to alternative therapy to Western medicines. Herbal products can be beneficial, although they can also be harmful in several circumstances. Aristolochic acids (AA) are a compound that is abundant in Aristolochia plants. Previous studies have reported that AAs exert several therapeutic effects and have been commonly used to treat a variety of illnesses, such as eczema, pneumonia, stroke, hepatitis, snakebites, arthritis, gout and coronary artery diseases. AAs, thus, are widely used in traditional and local medicines and herbal products. Unfortunately, the intake of AAs has been linked to kidney failure, as well as cancers of the urinary tract. A direct association between use of AAs and hepatocellular carcinomas has been established. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), AAs are classified into Group 1, which indicates there is sufficient evidence that they cause cancer in humans. Given uncontrolled adulteration of herbal products, along with a decreasing trend in clinical investigations into products containing AAs, adverse events due to exposure to Aristolochia herbs should be given much more attention. Even though the latest evidence has concretely proven that exposure to AAs is widespread throughout countries and regions such as China, South Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, Europe and North America, the public awareness and attention given by physicians and native healers is not very encouraging. The toxicity and adverse drug events associated with AAs should be investigated thoroughly. Further law enforcement to restrict the sale and use of products containing AAs is warranted.
Antitumor activity of Ankaferd Blood Stopper® on MCF-7 breast cancer: A proteomic approach to ascertain the mechanism of the action
?zge Cans?nZekiaMerveNennibMustafa?elebieraSelin?ncülcAy?eErcanc?ncilaySüslüa?brahim C.Haznedaro?lud
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100449
Volume 28, August 2021, 100449
Ankaferd Blood Stopper® (ABS) is a non-toxic product comprising solely herbal extracts. It is approved by the Turkish Ministry of Health to be used to stop external and internal bleeding immediately. Together with its wound healing and antimicrobial features; the anti-neoplastic effect of the compound on different cancer types was also demonstrated previously. This study aimed to explore the anti-tumor effect of ABS on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.
The toxicity and safety of Chinese medicine from the bench to the bedside
HongyanZhuabXintongWangabXiaomingWangabGuixiangPanabYanZhuabYuxinFengab
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100450
Volume 28, August 2021, 100450
According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), human physiology and drug administration are the major factors related to adverse reactions to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). To promote the research and supervision of TCM, particularly the toxic medicines, the risk factors of the two aspects were first summarized. Risk factors from a drug and its administration include misidentification of herbs, improper processing, overdose, long duration of administration, inappropriate diagnosis, inappropriate combining of herbs, and contamination from microorganisms/heavy metals. Risk factors from the human body involve physiology, pathology, and genetics. The authors analyzed the positive and negative effects from classic applications of toxic Chinese herbs (e.g., Aconite spp., Aristolochia spp., Polygonum multiflorum, Realgar spp., and Tripterygium wilfordii).
Appropriate use of essential oils and their components in the management of upper respiratory tract symptoms in patients with COVID-19
MarcoValussiaMicheleAntonellibDavideDonellibcFabioFirenzuolic
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100451
Volume 28, August 2021, 100451
The involvement of the upper respiratory tract is common in COVID-19, and the majority of patients are treated at home with a mild-to-moderate form of the disease. Many approaches based on essential oils have been proposed for the symptomatic treatment of COVID-19. This work aims to outline the potential and safe evidence-based uses of essential oils and their major components for the clinical management of mild respiratory symptoms caused by uncomplicated coronavirus infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Due to their wide use, a focus on the constituents eucalyptol and menthol has been provided.
In vitro antifungal activity of Thymus vulgaris essential oil nanoemulsion
MaryamMoazeniabAmirhosseinDavaricShafighehShabanzadehcJavadAkhtarideMajidSaeedifKatayounMortyeza-SemnanigMahdiAbastabarabMojtabaNabilihFozieh HassanMoghadamcBehradRoohicHamidrezaKelidariiAliNokhodchij
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100452
Volume 28, August 2021, 100452
An essential oil derived from the evergreen plant Thymus vulgaris acts as an antifungal agent with strong antimicrobial activity, but it has low water solubility. The current study therefore aimed to enhance the solubility of thyme essential oil by formulating it into a nanoemulsion and investigating its effectiveness on a broad range of fungi.
Momordica charantia L. for hyperlipidaemia: A randomised controlled assessment of the Ghanaian herbal medicinal product MCP-1
Kwesi PrahThomfordabAma KyeraaThomfordcJosephYorkedRonaldYeboaheAlfred AmpomahAppiahf
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100453
Volume 28, August 2021, 100453
Cardiovascular diseases are a public health burden for developing countries like Ghana. Scientifically validated herbal medicines are viable options in the prevention and treatment of such conditions. In this study, a randomised controlled trial involving 15 healthy subjects identified with hyperlipidaemia was undertaken. Treatment comprised a traditional Ghanaian herbal formulation prepared from the leaves and twines of Momordica charantia (MCP-1) with a standard dietary guideline. A control group was managed using a standard dietary guideline alone. In all, 15 subjects completed the study: MCP-1 had 10 subjects and 5 subjects in the control group. At the termination of the trial after 8 weeks, reduction in lipoprotein values were recorded for all participants. In the MCP-1 group, triglycerides reduced by 3.46 % compared to 3.37 % for the control while total cholesterol was also reduced by 9.78 % and 9.43 % in the MCP-1 and control groups respectively. High density lipoproteins (HDL) levels increased by 6.92 % for MCP-1 and 3.92 % for the control group. However, these changes were not statistically significant except in the instance of the low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c; CI: -41.24 to -19.76) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL-c; CI: -26.87 to -8.192). Changes to other disease indices such as blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and body mass index (BMI) were also not different between the 2 groups. MCP-1 was well tolerated among the subjects and was shown to be safe from the biochemical and haematological indicators. The product, MCP-1 has therefore been shown to be a safe and prospective anti-lipidaemic agent.
Efficacy and safety of herbal medicine Yijin-tang on polycystic ovary syndrome: A single-arm pilot study
Kyoung SunPark
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100454
Volume 28, August 2021, 100454
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common disorders in reproductive endocrinology among women of reproductive age. Recent studies suggest that complementary and alternative therapies can alleviate PCOS symptoms, but the evidence for its efficacy and safety is minimal. The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of Yijin-tang (YJT) on PCOS patients.
The effects of supplementation with green tea on energy expenditure rate and thermal energy expenditure in adult individuals: A systematic review of clinical trials
NedaRoshanravanaPanteaMansouribGuoyanYangcEdrisArdeshirlarijanidMohammad HosseinAyatiefNazliNamazig
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100455
Volume 28, August 2021, 100455
As there is no systematic review on the effects of green tea on energy expenditure (EE) and thermal energy expenditure (TEE), the authors aimed to systematically examine whether green tea can affect EE and TEE in adult subjects. Five electronic databases including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library plus three Chinese databases were searched from 1999 to 30th Jun 2019 to find eligible clinical trials. Of 1016 publications, 6 clinical trials were included. In most studies, changes in EE following the consumption of green tea were not significant. However, fat oxidation increased in some studies after the intervention. No serious side effects were reported in any of the clinical trials following the supplementation with green tea. Green tea may increase EE and fat oxidation in adult individuals. However, the benefits of green tea for energy expenditure-related parameters including heart rate, carbohydrate oxidation, TEE, and RQ remain uncertain. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm the effects of green tea on EE and related parameters.
Efficiency and safety of yueju antidepressant for primary depression patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
YongHuiYuHaiYingSongJianGangLiuPeiLiWangChengLongWang
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100329
Volume 28, August 2021, 100329
An increasing number of studies have reported that some Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) such as the Chinese formula Yueju antidepressant can help patients suffering from primary depression. Several clinical studies have reported the clinical efficiency of Yueju antidepressant, with fewer reported side effects than commonly used pharmaceuticals, indicating a more effective and user-friendly medication for patients with depression.
In silico evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of natural compounds from Hovenia dulcis Thunberg
Rafael Souzade GodoiaMauricio PereiraAlmer?obFernanda Rabaiolida Silvab
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100349
Volume 28, August 2021, 100349
Hovenia dulcis Thunberg is a medicinal plant from the Rhamnaceae family. There have been descriptions of some medicinal properties of H. dulcis, but the knowledge about their effects on biological mechanisms is scarce. Thus, the medicinal properties of H. dulcis were investigated using in silico analysis by a system biology approach. A systematic review of the chemical compounds of H. dulcis was performed in the PubMed database. Subnetworks of proteins and chemical compounds were created using the data mining tools STRING 10.0 and STITCH 5.0 and merged with Cytoscape 3.4.0. Cluster analysis and bioprocesses assessment were performed using the Complex Molecular Detection (MCODE) and the Biological Network Gene Ontology (BiNGO) tools, respectively. The centralities analysis was performed using CentiScaPe. The prospected network contained 210 nodes and 1586 edges. The cluster analysis indicated eight modules and the gene ontology analysis evidenced the following bioprocesses: glucan and glycogen biosynthetic processes regulation, response to insulin stimulus, and cytoskeleton organization. The results of the centralities analysis indicated AKT1 and GSK3? as important regulator nodes of bioprocesses. Based on the results, it is possible to propose a molecular model in which H. dulcis chemical compounds prevent the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with inflammation mechanisms. In this model, GSK3? inhibition is the key mechanism to avoid increased glucose blood levels and inflammatory responses.
Effect of Urtica dioica (nettle) on quality of sleep in hemodialysis patients: A randomized clinical trial
KhadijehAlizadehaRavanbakhshEsmaeilibSeyed AfshinShoroficNouraddinMousavinasabdFatemehEspahbodieMousaEsmaeilif
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100356
Volume 28, August 2021, 100356
Sleep disorders are common in patients with end-stage renal disease. The present study aimed to examine the effect of (Nettle) on sleep quality in hemodialysis patients.
Investigations of Bioactivity of Acalypha indica (L.), Centella asiatica (L.) and Croton bonplandianus (Baill) against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria and Cancer Cells
MickymaraySureshaMeshalAlfonisanaWaelAlturaikiabMohammed SalehAl AboodyaFaiz AbdulazizAlfaizaMariappanPremanathanaRajendranVijayakumaraKalyanasundramUmamagheswaricSaleh AlGhamdidSuliman A.Alsagabyab
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100359
Volume 28, August 2021, 100359
The rate of infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria has recently increased worldwide. Such infections are prevalent in blood cancer patients increasing the risk of disease complications and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the potential of ethnomedicinal plants to inhibit the growth or survival of MDR bacteria and blood cancer cells. A series of major steps were conducted. First, 190 gram-negative clinical pathogens were collected in central region of Saudi Arabia, of which 89 (46.84%) were identified as extended spectrum of ?-lactamase producers and 43 (22.63%) were Carbapenem-resistant. Second, ethanolic fraction and petroleum ether fraction were generated from Acalypha indica (L.), Centella asiatica (L.) and Croton bonplandianus (Baill). Third, antimicrobial analyses revealed that the ethanolic fraction of C. bonplandianus (Baill.) and A. indica (L.) exhibited superior activity against MDR pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) = 1024–256 ?g/mL and 1024–512 ?g/mL, respectively. Fourth, cellular viability assay showed that the ethanolic fraction of C. bonplandianus had the highest activity against the survival of blood cancer cells (50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of K562 cells = 86.33 ± 10.06 ?g/mL and CC50 of Raji cells = 470 ± 35.57 ?g/mL). Fifth, flow-cytometric analyses indicated that necrosis was the type of cellular death induced in the malignant cells by C. bonplandianus (necrotic cells = 44%, p = 0.004, n=3). Finally, gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analyses further supported these findings by identifying phytocompounds with known antibacterial and anticancer properties in the active plant fractions. Overall, the findings indicated a dual activity of C. bonplandianus against MDR bacteria and blood cancer cells.
Corrigendum to “A tale of two cinnamons: A comparative review of the clinical evidence of Cinnamomum verum and C. cassia as diabetes interventions” [J. Herbal Med. 21 (2020) 100342]
NorikoShinjyoabGuyWaddellcJuliaGreend
doi : 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100383
Volume 28, August 2021, 100383
