European Heart Journal

Hypercholesterolaemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Both total and LDL cholesterol levels are three-fold higher at the end of the first year of life and about four-fold higher in adulthood compared with the neonatal period. In the USA, only 25% of infants are exclusively breastfed and simple carbohydrate-rich formulas are preferentially consumed. Spikes in fasting glucose and insulin have been reported in formula-fed infants and are associated with higher levels of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, suggesting a potential link between high simple sugar intake and consequent increase in LDL cholesterol in early childhood.

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Vegetarians, fish, poultry, and meat-eaters: who has higher risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality? A prospective study from UK Biobank

Fanny Petermann-Rocha, Solange Parra-Soto, Stuart Gray, Jana Anderson, Paul Welsh

doi : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa939

European Heart Journal, Volume 42, Issue 12, 21 March 2021, Pages 1136–1143

To compare the incidence and mortality risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [CVD and also ischaemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure (HF)] among people with different types of diets—including vegetarians, fish eaters, fish and poultry eaters, and meat-eaters—using data from UK Biobank.

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Should we all go pesco-vegetarian?

Ramon Estruch, Emilio Sacanella, Emilio Ros

doi : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1088

European Heart Journal, Volume 42, Issue 12, 21 March 2021, Pages 1144–1146

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Low lipoprotein(a) levels and risk of disease in a large, contemporary, general population study

Anne Langsted, B?rge G Nordestgaard, Pia R Kamstrup

doi : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1085

European Heart Journal, Volume 42, Issue 12, 21 March 2021, Pages 1147–1156

With the current focus on lipoprotein(a) as a likely causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease and new drugs potentially on the market to lower lipoprotein(a) levels, the safety of lowering lipoprotein(a) to low levels becomes increasingly important. We tested whether low levels of lipoprotein(a) and corresponding LPA genotypes associate with major disease groups including cancers and infectious disease.

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Lifelong low Lp(a) levels: genetics give a green light?

Zareen M Farukhi, Samia Mora

doi : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa1112

European Heart Journal, Volume 42, Issue 12, 21 March 2021, Pages 1157–1159

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Metabolic profiling of angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 inhibition: a drug-target Mendelian randomization analysis

Qin Wang, Clare Oliver-Williams, Olli T Raitakari, Jorma Viikari, Terho Lehtim?ki

doi : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa972

European Heart Journal, Volume 42, Issue 12, 21 March 2021, Pages 1160–1169

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4) inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and represent emerging drug targets to lower circulating triglycerides and reduce cardiovascular risk. To investigate the molecular effects of genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 inhibition and compare them to the effects of genetic mimicry of LPL enhancement.

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Alcohol consumption, cardiac biomarkers, and risk of atrial fibrillation and adverse outcomes

Dora Csengeri, Ngoc-Anh Sprünker, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Teemu Niiranen, Julie Kk Vishram-Nielsen

doi : 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa953

European Heart Journal, Volume 42, Issue 12, 21 March 2021, Pages 1170–1177

There is inconsistent evidence on the relation of alcohol intake with incident atrial fibrillation (AF), in particular at lower doses. We assessed the association between alcohol consumption, biomarkers, and incident AF across the spectrum of alcohol intake in European cohorts.

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